Илья Франк - Английский язык с Э. Хемингуэем. Старик и море

• Название: Английский язык с Э. Хемингуэем. Старик и море
• Автор: Илья Франк
• Жанр: Языкознание

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taut [tLt], haul [hLl], compact [kqm'pxkt]

If they don't travel too fast I will get into them, the old man thought, and he watched the school working the water white and the bird now dropping and dipping into the bait fish that were forced to the surface in their panic.

"The bird is a great help," the old man said. Just then the stern line came taut under his foot, where he had kept a loop of the line, and he dropped his oars and felt tile weight of the small tuna's shivering pull as he held the line firm and commenced to haul it in. The shivering increased as he pulled in and he could see the blue back of the fish in the water and the gold of his sides before he swung him over the side and into the boat. He lay in the stern in the sun, compact and bullet shaped, his big, unintelligent eyes staring as he thumped his life out against the planking of the boat with the quick shivering strokes of his neat, fast-moving tail. The old man hit him on the head for kindness and kicked him, his body still shuddering, under the shade of the stern.

"Albacore," be said aloud. "He'll make a beautiful bait (из него выйдет отличная наживка). He'll weigh ten pounds (он, должно быть, весит десять фунтов)."

He did not remember when he had first started to talk aloud when he was by himself (он уже и не помнил, когда в первый раз начал разговаривать вслух сам с собой: «когда был один»). He had sung when he was by himself in the old days (раньше он пел, когда оставался один; to sing) and he had sung at night sometimes when he was alone steering on his watch in the smacks (и он иногда пел ночью, когда был один на вахте на рыболовной лодке; to steer — вести /судно/; smack — рыболовное судно, имеющее ёмкость для содержания живой рыбы) or in the turtle boats (или на черепашьих лодках). He had probably started to talk aloud, when alone, when the boy had left (он, возможно, стал разговаривать вслух, будучи один, когда ушел мальчик; to leave — оставлять, покидать; уходить). But he did not remember (но он не помнил). When he and the boy fished together they usually spoke only when it was necessary (когда они и мальчик рыбачили вместе, они обычно разговаривали только тогда, когда это было нужно). They talked at night (они разговаривали по ночам) or when they were storm-bound by bad weather (или были задержаны штормовой плохой погодой; stormbound — задержанный штормом; bound — связанный, несвободный; to bind — связывать). It was considered a virtue not to talk unnecessarily at sea (считалось добродетелью не разговаривать без нужды в море; necessary — необходимый, нужный) and the old man had always considered it so (и старик всегда так считал) and respected it (и уважал это = этот обычай/придерживался этого). But now he said his thoughts aloud many times (но сейчас он озвучивал свои мысли очень часто) since there was no one that they could annoy (потому что не было никого, кого бы они могли раздражать; to annoy — раздражать, сердить).

"If the others heard me talking out loud they would think that I am crazy (если другие услышат, как я разговариваю вслух, они подумают, что я сумасшедший)," he said aloud. "But since I am not crazy, I do not care (но так как я не сумасшедший, мне все равно: «я не беспокоюсь»). And the rich have radios to talk to them in their boats and to bring them the baseball (а у богатых есть радио, которое разговаривает с ними в их лодках и рассказывает новости про бейсбол: «приносит бейсбол»)."

steer [stIq], bound [baund], virtue ['vWtjH]

"Albacore," be said aloud. "He'll make a beautiful bait. He'll weigh ten pounds."

He did not remember when he had first started to talk aloud when he was by himself. He had sung when he was by himself in the old days and he had sung at night sometimes when he was alone steering on his watch in the smacks or in the turtle boats. He had probably started to talk aloud, when alone, when the boy had left. But he did not remember. When he and the boy fished together they usually spoke only when it was necessary. They talked at night or when they were storm-bound by bad weather. It was considered a virtue not to talk unnecessarily at sea and the old man had always considered it so and respected it. But now he said his thoughts aloud many times since there was no one that they could annoy.

"If the others heard me talking out loud they would think that I am crazy," he said aloud. "But since I am not crazy, I do not care. And the rich have radios to talk to them in their boats and to bring them the baseball."

Now is no time to think of baseball (не время сейчас думать о бейсболе), he thought. Now is the time to think of only one thing (сейчас время думать только об одном). That which I was born for (о том, для чего я родился). There might be a big one around that school (там может быть большая рыба среди той стаи), he thought. I picked up only a straggler from the albacore that were feeding (я поймал только отставшего от альбакоров, которые кормились; straggler — отставший; to straggle — быть беспорядочно разбросанным; блуждать, бродить; сбиться /from — с курса/; отстать, отбиться /from — от своих спутников/). But they are working far out and fast (но они охотятся далеко /от берега/ и быстро). Everything that shows on the surface today travels very fast and to the north-east (все, что сегодня показывается на поверхности, плавает: «путешествует» очень быстро и на северо-восток). Can that be the time of day (может, это из-за времени дня = может, так всегда бывает в это время дня)? Or is it some sign of weather that I do not know (или это какой-то знак/примета погоды = знак, говорящий о перемене погоды, которого я не знаю)?

He could not see the green of the shore now (он не видел зелени берега сейчас) but only the tops of the blue hills (но только верхушки голубых холмов) that showed white as though they were snow-capped (которые казались белыми, как будто были покрыты снегом; capped — покрытый; cap — кепка, шапка; фуражка; to cap — надевать шапку, покрывать голову; крыть, покрывать; накрывать) and the clouds that looked like high snow mountains above them (и облака, которые были похожи на высокие снежные горы над ними). The sea was very dark and the light made prisms in the water (море было очень темным, и свет преломлялся в воде: «делал призмы»). The myriad flecks of the plankton were annulled now by the high sun (несметное число искр планктона были погашены высоким солнцем; fleck — частица, пятно, крапинка; to annul — аннулировать, отменять; уничтожать) and it was only the great deep prisms in the blue water that the old man saw now (и старик сейчас видел только пятна от преломления света в голубой воде) with his lines going straight down into the water that was a mile deep (и лески, уходящие прямо вниз в воду, которая была /здесь/ глубиной в милю).

straggler ['strxglq], myriad ['mIrIqd], annul [q'nAl]

Now is no time to think of baseball, he thought. Now is the time to think of only one thing. That which I was born for. There might be a big one around that school, he thought. I picked up only a straggler from the albacore that were feeding. But they are working far Out and fast. Everything that shows on the surface today travels very fast and to the north-east. Can that be the time of day? Or is it some sign of weather that I do not know?

He could not see the green of the shore now but only the tops of the blue hills that showed white as though they were snow-capped and the clouds that looked like high snow mountains above them. The sea was very dark and the light made prisms in the water. The myriad flecks of the plankton were annulled now by the high sun and it was only the great deep prisms in the blue water that the old man saw now with his lines going straight down into the water that was a mile deep.

The tuna, the fishermen called all the fish of that species tuna (тунец, рыбаки называли всех рыб этого вида тунцами) and only distinguished among them by their proper names when they came to sell them (и различали их по именам только тогда, когда продавали их; to distinguish — различить, распознавать) or to trade them for baits (или чтобы обменять их на наживку), were down again (были снова внизу = ушли в глубину). The sun was hot now and the old man felt it on the back of his neck (солнце припекало: «было горячим», старик чувствовал его своим загривком/затылком) and felt the sweat trickle down his back as he rowed (и чувствовал, как пот тек тонкой струйкой по его спине, пока он греб; to trickle — течь тонкой струйкой, сочиться).

I could just drift (я мог бы просто плыть по течению), he thought, and sleep and put a bight of line around my toe to wake me (и спать, и обвязать вокруг моего большого пальца ноги шлаг лесы, чтобы она меня разбудила; bight — шлаг /троса/). But today is eighty-five days and I should fish the day well (но сегодня восемьдесят пятый день, и мне следует рыбачить весь день хорошо).

Just then, watching his lines, he saw one of the projecting green sticks dip sharply (именно тогда, следя за лесами, он увидел, что одно из выступающих зеленых удилищ резко окунулось в воду).

species ['spJSJz], distinguish [dI'stINgwIS], toe [tqu]

The tuna, the fishermen called all the fish of that species tuna and only distinguished among them by their proper names when they came to sell them or to trade them for baits, were down again. The sun was hot now and the old man felt it on the back of his neck and felt the sweat trickle down his back as he rowed.

I could just drift, he thought, and sleep and put a bight of line around my toe to wake me. But today is eighty-five days and I should fish the day well.

Just then, watching his lines, he saw one of the projecting green sticks dip sharply.

"Yes," he said. "Yes," and shipped his oars without bumping the boat (и вытащил весла, не задев лодку; to bump — ударять, бить). He reached out for the line and held it softly between the thumb and forefinger of his right hand (он дотянулся до лесы и взял ее мягко между большим и указательным пальцами правой руки). He felt no strain nor weight and he held the line lightly (он не чувствовал ни натяжения, ни веса, и держал лесу легко). Then it came again (затем она дрогнула снова: «затем это пришло снова»). This time it was a tentative pull (на этот раз это был осторожный рывок; tentative — неуверенный, осторожный), not solid nor heavy (не крепкий и не тяжелый), and he knew exactly what it was (и он знал точно, что это было = что это значит). One hundred fathoms down a marlin was eating the sardines (ста саженями ниже марлинь ела сардины) that covered the point and the shank of the hook (которые покрывали острие и стержень крючка) where the hand-forged hook projected from the head of the small tuna (где выкованный вручную крючок высовывался из головы маленького тунца; to forge — выковывать, ковать).

The old man held the line delicately, and softly (старик держал лесу нежно/осторожно и мягко), with his left hand unleashed it from the stick (левой рукой отвязывая ее от палки; to unleash — развязывать, высвобождать). Now he could let it run through his fingers without the fish feeling any tension (теперь он мог позволить ей скользить сквозь его пальцы так, чтобы рыба пр этом не почувствовала никакого напряжения).

This far out, he must be huge in this month (/раз/ так далеко /от берега/, она /рыба/, должно быть, огромная в этом месяце), he thought. Eat them, fish (ешь их, рыба). Eat them. Please eat them.

bump [bAmp], tentative ['tentqtIv], delicately ['delIkqtlI]

"Yes," he said. "Yes," and shipped his oars without bumping the boat. He reached out for the line and held it softly between the thumb and forefinger of his right hand. He felt no strain nor weight and he held the line lightly. Then it came again. This time it was a tentative pull, not solid nor heavy, and he knew exactly what it was. One hundred fathoms down a marlin was eating the sardines that covered the point and the shank of the hook where the hand-forged hook projected from the head of the small tuna.