Мартин Эсслин - Театр абсурда

• Название: Театр абсурда
• Автор: Мартин Эсслин
• Издательство: Балтийские сезоны
• Жанр: Культурология
• Год: 2010
• ISBN: 978-5-903368-40-2

Уже в конце 1950-х выражение "театр абсурда" превратилось в броское клише. Об этом Мартин Эсслин пишет на первой странице своей книги о новых путях театра. Этот фундаментальный труд, вышедший полвека назад и дополненный в последующих изданиях, актуален и сегодня. Театр абсурда противостоит некоммуникативному миру, в котором человек, оторван от традиционных религиозных и метафизических корней.

Труд Мартина Эсслина — научное изыскание и захватывающее чтение, классика жанра. Впервые переведенная на русский язык, книга предназначена практикам, теоретикам литературы и театра, студентам-гуманитариям, а также всем, кто интересуется современным искусством.

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Les Chaises (written 1951, first performance 1952), in Thidtre I [Gallimard] (trans., The Chairs, by Donald M. Allen in Plays, vol.

I [New York: Grove Press]; by Donald Watson in Plays, vol. I [London: Calder], and in Penguin Plays, 1962)

Le Salon de Г Automobile (first performance 1953), in Thidtre I [Arcanes]; also in Thidtre TV (trans. by Sasha Moorsom, The Motor Show, London: 3 Arts Quarterly, no. 2, Summer i960)

L’Avenir est dans les CEufs ou П faut de tout pour fake un monde (written 1951, first performance 1937)» m Thidtre II (trans. by Derek Prouse, The Future is in Eggs or It takes all sorts to make a world, in Plays, voLIV)

Vktimes du Devoir (written 1932, first performance 1953), in Thidtre I [Gallimard] (trans. by Donald Watson, Victims of Duty, in Plays, voL IQ

Amtdk ou Comment s’en dAarrasser (written 1953, first performance 1934), in Thidtre I [Gallimard] (trans. by Donald Watson, Amidei or How to get rid of it, in Plays, vol. II, and in Absurd Drama, Har- mondsworth: Penguin Books, 1963)

Le Nouveau Locataire (written 1933, first performance 1933), pi Thidtre

II (trans. by Donald Watson, The New Tenant, in Plays, voL II) Les Grandes Chaleurs (first performance 1953), based on a play by

Caragiale, unpublished La Jeune Fille i Marier (first performance 1953), in Thidtre II (trans.

by Donald Watson, Maid to Marry, in Plays, voL III)

Le Maitre (first performance 1953), in Thidtre II (trans. by Derek Prouse, The Leader, in Plays, vol. IV)

Le Connaissez-Vous? (first performance I9J3). unpublished La Niice-Epou*e (first performance 1933), unpublished Le Rhume Onirique (first performance 1953), unpublished Le Tableau (first performance 1955), Dossiers Acinonites de College de Pataphysique, no. 1, 1958; also in Thidtre III (trans. by Donald

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Watson, The Picture, broadcast in B.B.C. Third Programme, и March 1957; in Plays, vol. VII)

L'Impromptu de ГAlma ou Le Camilion du Berger (written 1955, first performance 1956), in Thidtre II (trans. by Donald Watson, Improvisation or The Shepherd's Chameleon, in Plays, vol. Ill) Impromptu pour la Duchesse de Windsor (written 1957, first performance

1957), unpublished (trans. by Donald Watson, unpublished)

Tueur Sans Gages (written 1937, first performance 1959), in Thidtre II (trans. by Donald Watson, The Killer, in Plays, voL IIQ [Le] Rhinocbos [the definite article on the tide page is an error by the publishers] (written 1938, first performance 1959), Paris: Gallimard, 1959 (in the series ‘Le Manteau d’Arlequin’); also in Thidtre III (trans. by Derek Prouse, Rhinoceros, in Plays, vol. IV, and in Penguin Plays, 1962)

Seine h Quatre (written 1939, first performance 1959), Cahiers du College de Pataphysique, Dossier 7, 1959; also Paris: Avant-Sckne no. 210,

15 December 1959; also in Thidtre III (trans. by Donald M. Allen, Foursome, New York: Evergreen Review, no. 13, May-June i960) Apprendre i Marcher, Ballet (first performance i960), in Thidtre IV Les Salutations (opening scene of an as yet uncompleted play, Scene a Sept), Paris: LesLettres Francises, no. 805, 31 December i960; also in Thidtre III

Le Roi se Moot (written 1962, first performance 1962), Paris: Gallimard, 1963; also in Thidtre IV (trans. by Donald Watson, Exit the King, in Plays, vol. V)

Le Piiton de Г Air (written 1962, first performance 1963), in Thidtre

III (trans. by Donald Watson, A Stroll in the Air, in Plays, voL VI) Dilire et Deux… h tant qu on veut (written 1962, first performed 1962), in Thidtre III (trans. by Donald Watson, Frenzy for Two, in Plays, vol. VI)

La Soif et la Faim (written 1965, first performance 1966), in Thidtre IV (trans. by Donald Watson, Hunger and Thirst, in Plays, voL VII) Jeux de Massacre, Paris: Gallimard 1970 Macbett, Paris: Gallimard, 1972

VHomme aux Valises suivi de Ce Formidable Bordel, Paris: Gallimard, 1973 (trans. adapted by Israel Horovitz, Man with Bags, New York: Grove Press, 1977)

ТЕАТР АБСУРДА BIBLIOGRAPHY

Collected editions

Thidtre I, Paris: Arcanes, 1953 (in the series ‘Locus Soltis’), contains: La СапШгке Chauve, La Lefon, Jacques ou La Soumission, Le Salon de Г Automobile

[A second volume of the above edition, announced as being in preparation in 1953, did not appear. It was to contain: Les Chaises, Victimes du Devoir, La Niice-Epouse, La Jeune Fille h Marier]

ThMltre I, Paris: Gallimard, 1954, contains: Preface by Jacques Lemarchand, La Cantatrice Chauve, La Legon, Jacques, ou La Sou- mission, Les Chaises, Victimes du Devoir, Amidii ThMtre II, Paris: Gallimard, 1958, contains: L'Impromptu de TAlma, Tueur Sans Gages, Le Nouveau Locataire, L'Avenir est dans les CBufs, Le Maitre, La Jeune Fille A Marier ThMltre III, Paris: Gallimard. 1963, contains: Rhinoceros, Le Ptiton de Г Air, Dilire i Deux, Le Tableau, Scene h Quatre, Les Salutations, La Colire

Thitre IV, Paris: Gallimard, 1966, contains: Le Roi se Meurt, La Soif et la Faim, La Laame, Le Salon de Г Automobile, L’CEuf Dur, Le Jeune Homme i Marier, Apprendre i Marcher ThiHtre V, Paris: Gallimard, 1974, contains: Jeux de Massacre, Mac- belt. La Vase, Exercices de conversation et de diction Francoises pour itudiants Ambicains

English translations

[Ionesco’s plays have been published by Grove Press, New York, and John Calder, London. The first volume of these editions differs; the others are identical]

Vol. I [U.S. edition], trans. by Donald M. Allen, contains: The Bald Soprano, The Lesson, Jack or The Submission, The Chairs Vol. I [English edition], trans. by Donald Watson, contains: The Lesson, The Chairs, The Bald Prima Donna, Jacques or Obedience Vol. II, trans. by Donald Watson, contains: AmitUe or How to get rid of it. The New Tenant, Victims of Duty Vol. Ill, trans. by Donald Watson, contains: The Killer, Improvisation or The Shepherd’s Chameleon, Maid to Marry

БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Vol. IV, trans. by Derek Prouse, contains: Rhinoceros, The Leader, The Future is in Eggs Vol. V, trans. by Donald Watson, contains: Exit the King, The Motor Show, Foursome

Vol. VI, trans. by Donald Watson, contains: A Stroll in the Air, Frenzy for Two

Vol. VII, trans. by Donald Watson, contains: Hunger and Thirst, The Picture, Greetings, Anger Vol. VIII, trans. by Donald Watson, contains: Here Comes a Chopper (Jeux de massacre), The Oversight (La Lacune), The Foot of the Wall Vol. IX, trans. by Donald Watson, contains: Macbett, The Mire, Learning to Walk

Vol. X, trans. by Donald Watson, contains: Oh What a Bloody Circus, The Hardboiled Egg

NARRATIVE PROSB

Une Victime du Devoir (written 1952), Paris: Medium, January 1955; Paris: Cahiers des Saisons, no. 24, Winter 1961 [basis of Victimes de Devoir]

Oriflamme, Paris: Nouvelle Revue Franfais, February 1964 [basis of AmddSe] (trans., Flying High, New York: Mademoiselle, 1957)

La Photo du Colonel, Paris: Nouvelle Revue Frangaise, November 1955 [basis of Tueur Sans Gages] (trans. by Stanley Read, The Photograph of the Colonel, Evergreen Review, I, 3, 1957)

Rhinoceros, Paris: LesLettres Nouvelles, September 1957; Paris: Cahiers de la Compagnie M. Renaud — J.-L. Barrault, no. 29, February i960 (trans. by Donald M. Allen, New York: Mademoiselle, March i960) La Photo du Colonel, RJcits (collected short stories), Paris: Gallimard, 1962

The ColoneFs Photograph (collected stories in English), trans. by Jean Stewart and John Russell, London: Faber Faber, 1967 Le Solitaire. Roman, Paris: Mercure de France, 1973

ESSAYS AND OTHER PROSE WRITINGS

‘L’invraisemblable, Гinsolite, mon univers…’, Paris: Arts, 14 August I9J3; also Paris: Cahiers des Saisons, no. 15, Winter 1959, under the title 'Je n’ai jamais riussi…’

BIBLIOGRAPHY

'Le point du depart', Paris: Cahiers des Quatre Saisons, do. i, August

1955 [this periodical changed its tide to Cahiers des Saisons from no. 2, October 1955] (trans. by L.C. Pronko, New York: Theatre Arts, June 1958; by Donald Watson in Plays, vol. I [London: Calder])

‘ Thiitre et anti-thidtre’, Paris: Cahiers des Saisons, no. 2, October 1955 (trans. by L. C. Pronko, New York: Theatre Arts, June 1958)

‘Mes piices ne pritendent pas sauver le monde', Paris: L'Express, 15–16 October 1955 LMes critiques et moi’, Paris: Arts, 22 February 1956 ‘Gammes’ (nonsense aphorisms), Paris: Cahiers des Saisons, no. 7, September 1956

‘There is no avant-garde theatre’, trans. by Richard Howard, New York: Evergreen Review, I, 4,1957 ‘The world of Ionesco’, International Theatre Annual, no. 2, ed. Harold Hobson, London: Calder, 1957; Tulane Drama Review, October 19S8

‘Olympie’ (prose poem), Paris: Cahiers des Saisons, no. 10, April-May

1957

‘Pour Cocteau', Paris: Cahiers des Saisons, no. 12, October 1957 ‘The theatre’, talk on Б.В.С. Third Programme, July 1957 [an early version oЈ‘Experience du thi tre — see below]

‘Dans les ames de la ville' (on Kafka), Paris: Cahiers de la Compagnie M. Renaud — J.-L Barrault, no. 20, October 1957 ‘Qu’est-ce que Г avant-garde en 1958?', Paris: Les Lettres Francoises, itf April 1958; also Paris: Cahiers des Saisons, no. 15, Winter 1959, under the tide ‘Lorsque j’icris — '

‘Experience du thidtre’, Paris: Nouvelle Revue Fran$aise, February 1958 (trans. by L. C. Pronko, ‘Discovering the theatre’, Tulane Drama Review, September 1959)

'Ni un dieu ni un dimon’ (on Artaud), Paris: Cahiers de la Compagnie M. Renaud-J.-L Barrault, nos. 22-3, May 1958 ‘Reality in depth’, London: Encore, May-June 1958 ‘The playwright’s role’, London: Observer, 29 June 1958 (The entire controversy with Kenneth Tynan is reproduced as ‘Controverse londonienne' in Cahiers des Saisons, no. 15, Winter 1959)

‘La tragidie du langage’, Paris: Spectacles, no. 2, July 1958 (trans. by Jack Unclank, ‘The tragedy of language*, Tulane Drama Review, Spring i960)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

‘Preface' to Les Possidis, adapted from the novel by Dostoevsky by Akakia Viala and Nicolas Bataille, Paris: Emile-Paul,

1959

‘Le cceur nest pas sur la main’ (reply to Kenneth Tynan not published by the Observer), Paris: Cahiers des Saisons, no. 15, Winter 1959 ‘Naissance de La Cantatrice’, Paris: Cahiers des Saisons, no. 15, Winter 1959

‘La demystification par Г humour noir’, Paris: Avant-Scene, 15 February

1959

‘Eugbie Ionesco ouvre le feu’ (with parallel English translation), Paris: World Theatre, voL VIII, no. 3, Autumn 1959 Interview with Claude Sarraute, Paris: Le Monde, 17 January i960 Interview with himself, Paris: France-Ohservateur, 21 January i960;

reprinted Cahiers du College de Pataphysique, Dossiers 10–11, i960 Interview, Paris: L’Express, 28 January i960 ‘Pages de journal’, Paris: Nouvelle Revue Franfaise, February i960 'Printemps 1939. Les dSris du souvenir. Pages de journal’, Cahiers de la Compagnie M. Renaud — J.-L. Barrault, no. 29, February i960 ‘Propos sur mem thidtre et sur les propos des autres’, Brussels: L’ VII, no. 3. i960

‘Le Rhinocos i New York’, Paris: Arts, February 1961 ‘Some recollections of Brancusi’, trans. by John Russell, London Magazine, April 1961 Notes et Contre-notes (collected critical writings), Paris: Gallimard, 1962 (trans. by Donald Watson, Notes and Counter-Notes, London: Calder, 1965)