Эдгар По - Золотой жук / The Gold-bug (сборник)

• Название: Золотой жук / The Gold-bug (сборник)
• Автор: Эдгар По
• Жанр: Классическая проза
• Год: 2017
• ISBN: 978-966-03-5792-1, 978-966-03-7010-4

Эдгар Аллан По (1809–1849) – американский писатель-романтик, мастер новеллы, основоположник детективного рассказа и научно-фантастической повести. Мир произведений писателя причудливый и в то же время изысканный. Его законы подчиняются не общепринятой логике, а лишь игре авторского воображения. В книгу вошли рассказы «Что случилось с господином Вальдемаром», «Рукопись, найденная в бутылке», «Украденное письмо», «Колодец и маятник», «Золотой жук», в которых ярко проявился необычный писательский талант Э.А. По.

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As I fell, the ship hove in stays, and went about; and to the confusion ensuing I attributed my escape from the notice of the crew. With little difficulty I made my way, unperceived, to the main hatchway, which was partially open, and soon found an opportunity of secreting myself in the hold. Why I did so I can hardly tell. An indefinite sense of awe, which at first sight of the navigators of the ship had taken hold of my mind, was perhaps the principle of my concealment. I was unwilling to trust myself with a race of people who had offered to the cursory glance I had taken, so many points of vague novelty, doubt, and apprehension. I therefore thought proper to contrive a hiding-place in the hold. This I did by removing a small portion of the shifting-boards, in such a manner as to afford me a convenient retreat between the huge timbers of the ship.

I had scarcely completed my work, when a footstep in the hold forced me to make use of it. A man passed by my place of concealment with a feeble and unsteady gait. I could not see his face, but had an opportunity of observing his general appearance. There was about it an evidence of great age and infirmity. His knees tottered beneath a load of years, and his entire frame quivered under the burthen. He muttered to himself, in a low broken tone, some words of a language which I could not understand, and groped in a corner among a pile of singular-looking instruments, and decayed charts of navigation. His manner was a wild mixture of the peevishness of second childhood and the solemn dignity of a god. He at length went on deck, and I saw him no more.

* * *

A feeling, for which I have no name, has taken possession of my soul – a sensation which will admit of no analysis, to which the lessons of bygone time are inadequate, and for which I fear futurity itself will offer me no key. To a mind constituted like my own, the latter consideration is an evil. I shall never – I know that I shall never – be satisfied with regard to the nature of my conceptions. Yet it is not wonderful that these conceptions are indefinite, since they have their origin in sources so utterly novel. A new sense – a new entity is added to my soul.

* * *

It is long since I first trod the deck of this terrible ship, and the rays of my destiny are, I think, gathering to a focus. Incomprehensible men! Wrapped up in meditations of a kind which I cannot divine, they pass me by unnoticed. Concealment is utter folly on my part, for the people will not see. It was but just now that I passed directly before the eyes of the mate; it was no long while ago that I ventured into the captain’s own private cabin, and took thence the materials with which I write, and have written. I shall from time to time continue this journal. It is true that I may not find an opportunity of transmitting it to the world, but I will not fail to make the endeavour. At the last moment I will enclose the MS. in a bottle, and cast it within the sea.

* * *

An incident has occurred which has given me new room for meditation. Are such things the operation of ungoverned chance? I had ventured upon deck and thrown myself down, without attracting any notice, among a pile of ratlin-stuff and old sails, in the bottom of the yawl. While musing upon the singularity of my fate, I unwittingly daubed with a tar-brush the edges of a neatly-folded studding-sail which lay near me on a barrel. The studding-sail is now bent upon the ship, and the thoughtless touches of the brush are spread out into the word Discovery.

I have made many observations lately upon the structure of the vessel. Although well armed, she is not, I think, a ship of war. Her rigging, build, and general equipment, all negative a supposition of this kind. What she is not, I can easily perceive; what she is, I fear it is impossible to say. I know not how it is, but in scrutinising her strange model and singular cast of spars, her huge size and overgrown suits of canvas, her severely simple bow and antiquated stern, there will occasionally flash across my mind a sensation of familiar things, and there is always mixed up with such indistinct shadows of recollection, an unaccountable memory of old foreign chronicles and ages long ago.

* * *

I have been looking at the timbers of the ship. She is built of a material to which I am a stranger. There is a peculiar character about the wood which strikes me as rendering it unfit for the purpose to which it has been applied. I mean its extreme porousness, considered independently of the worm-eaten condition which is a consequence of navigation in these seas and apart from the rottenness attendant upon age. It will appear, perhaps, an observation somewhat over-curious, but this wood would have every characteristic of Spanish oak, if Spanish oak were distended by any unnatural means.

In reading the above sentence, a curious apothegm of an old weather-beaten Dutch navigator comes full upon my recollection. «It is as sure,» he was wont to say, when any doubt was entertained of his veracity, «as sure as there is a sea where the ship itself will grow in bulk like the living body of the seaman.»

* * *

About an hour ago I made bold to trust myself among a group of the crew. They paid me no manner of attention, and, although I stood in the very midst of them all, seemed utterly unconscious of my presence. Like the one I had at first seen in the hold, they all bore about them the marks of a hoary old age. Their knees trembled with infirmity; their shoulders were bent double with decrepitude; their shrivelled skins rattled in the wind; their voices were low, tremulous, and broken; their eyes glistened with the rheum of years; and their grey hairs streamed terribly in the tempest. Around them, on every part of the deck, lay scattered mathemat-ical instruments of the most quaint and obsolete construction.

* * *

I mentioned, some time ago, the bending of a studding-sail. From that period, the ship, being thrown dead off the wind, has continued her terrific course due south, with every rag of canvas packed upon her, from her truck to her lower studding-sail booms, and rolling every moment her top-gallant yard-arms into the most appalling hell of water which it can enter into the mind of man to imagine. I have just left the deck, where I find it impossible to maintain a footing, although the crew seem to experience little inconvenience. It appears to me a miracle of miracles that our enormous bulk is not swallowed up at once and for ever. We are surely doomed to hover continually upon the brink of eternity, without taking a final plunge into the abyss. From billows a thousand times more stupendous than any I have ever seen, we glide away with the facility of the arrowy sea-gull; and the colossal waters rear their heads above us like demons of the deep, but like demons confined to simple threats, and forbidden to destroy. I am led to attribute these frequent escapes to the only natural cause which can account for such effect. I must suppose the ship to be within the influence of some strong current, or impetuous under-tow.

* * *

I have seen the captain face to face, and in his own cabin – but, as I expected, he paid me no attention. Although in his appearance there is, to a casual observer, nothing which might bespeak him more or less than man, still a feeling of irrepressible reverence and awe mingled with the sensation of wonder with which I regarded him. In stature, he is nearly my own height; that is, about five feet eight inches. He is of a well-knit and compact frame of body, neither robust nor remarkable otherwise. But it is the singularity of the expression which reigns upon the face – it is the intense, the wonderful, the thrilling evidence of old age so utter, so extreme, which excites within my spirit a sense – a sentiment ineffable. His forehead, although little wrinkled, seems to bear upon it the stamp of a myriad of years. His grey hairs are records of the past, and his greyer eyes are sibyls of the future. The cabin floor was thickly strewn with strange, iron-clasped folios, and mouldering instruments of science, and obsolete long-forgotten charts. His head was bowed down upon his hands, and he pored, with a fiery, unquiet eye, over a paper which I took to be a commission, and which, at all events, bore the signature of a monarch. He muttered to himself – as did the first seaman whom I saw in the hold – some low peevish syllables of a foreign tongue; and although the speaker was close at my elbow, his voice seemed to reach my ears from the distance of a mile.

* * *

The ship and all in it are imbued with the spirit of Eld. The crew glide to and fro like the ghosts of buried centuries; their eyes have an eager and uneasy meaning; and when their fingers fall athwart my path in the wild glare of the battle-lanterns, I feel as I have never felt before, although I have been all my life a dealer in antiquities, and have imbibed the shadows of fallen columns at Balbec, and Tadmor, and Persepolis, until my very soul has become a ruin.

* * *

When I look around me, I feel ashamed of my former apprehensions. If I trembled at the blast which has hitherto attended us, shall I not stand aghast at a warring of wind and ocean, to convey any idea of which, the words tornado and simoom are trivial and ineffective? All in the immediate vicinity of the ship is the blackness of eternal night, and a chaos of foamless water; but, about a league on either side of us, may be seen, indistinctly, and at intervals, stupendous ramparts of ice, towering away into the desolate sky, and looking like the walls of the universe.

* * *

As I imagined, the ship proves to be in a current – if that appellation can properly be given to a tide which, howling and shrieking by the white ice, thunders on to the southward with a velocity like the headlong dashing of a cataract.

* * *

To conceive the horror of my sensations is, I presume, utterly impossible; yet a curiosity to penetrate the mysteries of these awful regions predominates even over my despair, and will reconcile me to the most hideous aspect of death. It is evident that we are hurrying onwards to some exciting knowledge – some never-to-be-imparted secret, whose attainment is destruction. Perhaps this current leads us to the southern pole itself. It must be confessed that a supposition apparently so wild has every probability in its favour.

* * *

The crew pace the deck with unquiet and tremulous step; but there is upon their countenance an expression more of the eagerness of hope than of the apathy of despair.

In the meantime the wind is still in our poop, and, as we carry a crowd of canvas, the ship is at times lifted bodily from out the sea! Oh, horror upon horror! – the ice opens suddenly to the right, and to the left, and we are whirling dizzily, in immense concentric circles, round and round the borders of a gigantic amphitheatre, the summit of whose walls is lost in the darkness and the distance. But little time will be left me to ponder upon my destiny! The circles rapidly grow small – we are plunging madly within the grasp of the whirlpool – and amid a roaring, and bellowing, and thundering of ocean and tempest, the ship is quivering – O God! and – going down!

Рукопись, найденная в бутылке[4]

Кому осталось жить мгновенье, Тот ничего не утаит.

Филипп Кино «Атис»

О моей родине и семье не стоит говорить. Людская несправедливость и круговорот времени принудили меня расстаться с первой и прекратить отношения со второй. Наследство дало мне возможность получить хорошее образование, а созерцательный склад ума помог привести в порядок приобретенные знания. Больше всего я увлекался произведениями германских философов; не потому, что восхищался их красноречивым безумием, – нет, мне доставляло большое удовольствие подмечать и разоблачать их слабые стороны, в чем помогала мне привычка к строгому критическому мышлению. Мой ум часто упрекали в сухости; недостаток воображения ставили мне в упрек; и я всегда славился пирроновским складом ума. Действительно, крайнее пристрастие к точным наукам заставляло меня совершать ошибку, весьма обычную в этом возрасте: я имею в виду склонность подводить под законы точных наук всевозможные явления, даже решительно неподводимые. Вообще, я менее, чем кто-либо другой, способен был променять строгие данные истины на ignes fаtui суеверия. Я говорю об этом потому, что рассказ мой покажется кому-то скорее игрой больного воображения, чем отчетом о действительном происшествии с человеком, для которого игра воображения всегда была мертвой буквой или ничем.

Проведя несколько лет в путешествиях, я отправился в 18… году из порта Батавия, на богатом и многолюдном острове Ява, к Зондскому архипелагу. Я ехал как пассажир, побуждаемый какой-то болезненной непоседливостью, которая давно уже преследовала меня.

Наш корабль представлял собой прекрасное судно водоизмещением четыреста тонн, с медными скрепами, выстроенный в Бомбее из малабарского тикового дерева. Он вез груз хлопка и масла с Лаккадивских островов, – кроме того, запас копры, кокосовых орехов и несколько ящиков опиума. Из-за небрежной погрузки корабль был очень неустойчив.

Мы тихо ползли под ветром вдоль берегов Явы, и в течение многих дней ничто не нарушало однообразия путешествия, кроме мелких суденышек, попадавшихся навстречу. Однажды вечером, стоя у поручней, я заметил на северо-западе странное, одинокое облако. Оно бросилось мне в глаза своим странным цветом; к тому же это было первое облако, замеченное нами после отплытия из Батавии. Я внимательно наблюдал за ним до самого заката, когда оно охватило значительную часть неба с запада на восток, в виде узкой гряды, напоминавшей низкий морской берег. Вскоре внимание мое было привлечено необычайно красным цветом луны. Море также изменилось и стало удивительно прозрачным. Я совершенно ясно различал дно, хотя лот показывал глубину в пятнадцать фантомов. Воздух был невыносимо душен и поднимался спиральными струями, как от раскаленного железа. С наступлением ночи ветер стих, и наступило глубокое, совершенное затишье. Пламя свечи, стоявшей на корме, даже не шевелилось, волосок, зажатый между большим и указательным пальцами, висел неподвижно. Как бы то ни было, капитан сказал, что не замечает никаких признаков опасности, и, так как течение относило нас к берегу, велел убрать паруса и бросить якорь. Он не счел нужным поставить вахтенных, и матросы, в основном малайцы, беспечно растянулись на палубе, а я спустился в каюту с дурными предчувствиями. Действительно, все предвещало шторм. Я сообщил о своих опасениях капитану, но он не обратил внимания на мои слова, даже не удостоил меня ответом. Беспокойство не позволило мне уснуть, и около полуночи я снова решил выйти на палубу, но еще не успел поставить ногу на верхнюю ступеньку лестницы, как раздался громкий, жужжащий гул, подобный шуму мельничного колеса, и корабль заходил ходуном. Еще мгновение – и чудовищный вал швырнул нас на бок, окатив всю палубу, от кормы до носа.