Gerard Beekmans - Linux From Scratch

• Название: Linux From Scratch
• Автор: Gerard Beekmans
• Жанр: Программное обеспечение

Gerard Beekmans

Copyright © 1999-2002 by Gerard Beekmans

Перевод: Денис Каледин, Ник Фролов, Алекс Казанков.

Версия 4.0

Эта книга описывает процесс создания Linux системы с нуля, используя лишь исходные коды необходимого программного обеспечения.

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13 сентября 2002 [gerard]: Глава 06 – Shadow: Добавлено –libdir=/usr/lib к опциям скрипта configure. This way a proper libshadow.la is generated. Also changed the mv command to move all the libshadow.so* files to the /lib directory. The lib*a files are already in the /usr/lib directory.

September 13th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Man: Added another regex to the sed command that modifies the man.conf file. The added regex comments out the MANPATH /usr/man line which causes for duplicate results when using the whatis command

September 13th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06: Added the Linux Threads Man Pages installation after the Perl installation.

September 12th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Create mtab link: Made the ln command an ln -sf so the existing /etc/mtab file, created by the mount command, will be removed before re-creating it as a symlink.

September 12th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Sh-utils: Added the sh-utils-hostname patch that supresses the build of the hostname program. This is done because the hostname program from the net-tools package is superior over this version.

September 12th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Gawk: Updated the Gawk patch. It also changes the DDEFPATH directory location now.

September 12th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Procps: Added patch that fixes a locale problem that makes top crash under certain locale settings.

September 12th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 04 – Creating a file system: Referenced alternative filesystems in BLFS.

September 12th, 2002 [gerard]: Removed all superfluous /usr/lib/*.so symbolic links from library installations.

September 12th, 2002 [gerard]: Upgraded to lfs-bootscripts-1.10

September 12th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Configure Sysvinit: Changed the sulogin line to once instead of having it respawn. This way it'll behave as expected (ie: a CTRL+D will continue instead of restart sulogin).

September 12th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – GCC: Added the –enable-clocale=gnu option to ensure the proper locale mode is used by the C++ libraries.

September 11th, 2002 [timothy]: Preface: Grammatic changes.

September 8th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06: Applied Alex's grammar changes patch.

September 7th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Gzip: Added gzip-1.2.4b.patch.

September 7th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 05 – Textutils: Added re_max_failures2 for old host systems.

September 2nd, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Bash: Removed creation of sh symlink. Creating the bash and sh symlinks: Added /bin/bash symlink, symlinked sh to bash. Gzip, Sysvinit, Util-Linux: Shortened cp command. Makedev: Removed /bin/bash creation and removal. Man: Modified sed statement to edit less call, so SGR will work.

September 1st, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – About debugging symbols: Removed info. about stripping /static. Man: Added sed statement to prevent groff from using SGR escape sequences.

September 1st, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 05 – Install all software as an unprivileged user: Added $CC='gcc -s' to omit the compilation of symbols in static packages.

August 30th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Makedev: Put rm /bin/bash after device creation. Perl: Removed information about the old patch.

August 30th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 05 – GCC: Re-added HAVE_GAS_HIDDEN; removed –enable-__cxa-atexit which was incorrect and not needed in this chapter; added information about the patch.

August 26th, 2002 [gerard]: Added a new Glibc patch and introducted a GCC patch.

August 26th, 2002 [gerard]: Updated to automake-1.6.3, gcc-3.2, groff-1.18, makedev-1.7, perl-5.8.0, util-linux-2.11u

August 22nd, 2002 [timothy]: Appendix: Added missing URLs to patches.

August 18th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 05 & 06: Changed ln -sf to ln -s wherever possible.

August 18th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Binutils: cp libiberty.h after install, as it is needed by certain software. Shadow: added command to remove the groups program installed by Shadow because Sh-utils installs a (better) groups program.

August 18th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 05 – Sh-utils: Re-added sh-utils-2.0.patch.

August 16th, 2002 [markh]: Chapter 06 – Move man-pages to just after the kernel headers installation.

August 15th, 2002 [markh]: Chapter 06 – Move the MAKEDEV installation to before glibc and remove the temporary creation of /dev/null as we don't need it anymore.

August 15th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 04 – Preparing a new partition: mentioned that a swap partition can be shared between the LFS and host systems, grammatic changes.

August 13th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06: Removed the –with-curses switch from the Bash installation as it's unnecessary here.

August 9th, 2002 [timothy]: Updated to modutils-2.4.19, linux-2.4.19, gettext-0.11.5, binutils-2.13, textutils-2.1.

August 9th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Vim: changed alternative editors link from hints to BLFS.

August 8th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Ncurses: removed the –disable-termcap configure option. Termcap is disabled by default now, so no need for this option (left over from a long time ago when it was needed).

August 8th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Linux: Added the command cp include/asm-generic /usr/include. There are programs which use the files in there, as well as headers in the asm directory may be split up in the future, and put in the asm-generic.

August 8th, 2002 [gerard]: Appendix A – Gettext: added the missing program description of msgcat.

August 4th, 2002 [timothy]: Added zlib-1.1.4.

August 3rd, 2002 [timothy]: Updated to man-pages-1.52, man-1.5k, gettext-0.11.4, modutils-2.4.18.

July 29th, 2002 [timothy]: Removed Reiserfsprogs. Updated to util-linux-2.11t and file-3.39.

July 29th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 04 & 05 – Creating a new partition, Introduction, Why static: grammatic changes. Diffutils, Fileutils, Grep, Texinfo: set LDFLAGS=-static before configure instead of as an argument to make. GCC: appended HAVE_GAS_HIDDEN to auto-host.h.

July 29th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Glibc: added –disable-profile flag.

July 29th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 08 – Linux: added information about modules and kernel documentation.

July 29th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 09 – Rebooting the system: added a command to remove the static directory.

July 8th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 09 – Rebooting the system: Pointed to BLFS as the next step.

July 3rd, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Sysvinit: Simplified the sed command and updated the installation description because init now prints «Sending processes» instead of «Sending all processes».

July 2nd, 2002 [markh]: Internal change – Made all patches use a &package-patch-version; entity and removed all hardcoding of patch versions.

June 30th, 2002 [timothy]: Updated to man-pages-1.51 and automake-1.6.2

June 24th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Shadow, Util-linux, LFS-Bootscripts: Updated package contents.

June 23rd, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 05 & 06 – Net-tools, Perl, Texinfo, Autoconf, Automake, File, Libtool, Bin86, Vim, Linux, Bison, Less, Man-pages, Groff, Bzip2, E2fsprogs, Grep, Lilo, Modutils, Procps, Psmisc, Reiserfsprogs: Updated package contents.

June 23rd, 2002 [timothy] Chapter 05 & 06 – M4, Bzip2, File, E2fsprogs: Added «last checked against» for uniformity. GCC: Removed i686-specific programs.

June 16th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Gettext: Updated package contents.

June 14th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 05 & 06 – Binutils, Bzip2, Diffutils, Grep: Updated package contents. GCC: Updated description of c++filt.

June 13th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 09 – The End: Changed $LFS/etc/lfs-4.0 to $LFS/etc/lfs and put the version number inside this file.

June 12th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 05 – GCC: Modified the build instructions and command explanations to only build the C compiler. The C++ compiler is not needed until after the second GCC build.

June 12th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 06 – Shadow: grammatic changes.

June 11th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 05 & 06 – Gawk: Created a list of package contents and descriptions. Fileutils: Removed a confusing paragraph about the fileutils patch. GCC: Updated the package contents.

June 11th, 2002 [timothy] All software: Updated the estimated required disk space.

June 9th, 2002 [markh]: Chapter 06 – Creating Directories: Changed usr,usr/local to just usr/local as we use the -p option to mkdir which will create the usr directory anyways.

June 7th, 2002 [timothy] Chapter 06 – Reiserfsprogs: added a description for unpack.

June 7th, 2002 [timothy] Chapter 02 – How to ask for help: mentioned the FAQ.

June 6th, 2002 [markh] – Chapter 05 – Tidy up explanations following the /static change.

June 5th, 2002 [timothy]: Preface – Who would not want to read this book: applied a revised version of Scot's grammar patch.

June 5th, 2002 [timothy]: Chapter 09 – Rebooting the system, Lilo, Bootscripts: named the hint authors. Chapter 06 – Vim: updated the hint URL. Chapter 05 – Gawk: to avoid confusion, mentioned that the patch will be applied in Chapter 06.

June 3rd, 2002 [timothy] Chapter 01 – FAQ: edited to include reporting typos.

May 31st, 2002 [gerard] Chapter 05 – Findutils: Added the CPPFLAGS...re_max_failures fix which is needed on Glibc-2.1 systems.

May 30th, 2002 [markh]: Chapter 05 & 06 – Update to binutils-2.12.1.

May 30th, 2002 [markh]: Chapter 05 – Bash: Removed section about «last two commands executing anyways» because we no longer have the commands referred to there.

May 30th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Glibc: Replaced the various sed fixes with a regular patch.

May 30th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Gawk: Replaced the sed fix with a regular patch.

May 30th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 05 – Fileutils: Replaced the sed fix with a regular patch.

May 30th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Ed: Replaced the sed fix with a regular patch.

May 28th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Changing ownership: removed the explicit command to chown /lost+found. This is done by the first command now that proc isn't mounted anymore in chapter 5.

May 27th, 2002 [gerard]: Upgraded to ncurses-5.2-2.patch (this patch is smaller than the previously used one).

May 26th, 2002 [gerard]: Upgraded to: automake-1.6.1, bin86-0.16.3, file-3.38, gawk-3.1.1, gcc-3.1, gettext-0.11.2, modutils-2.4.16, psmisc-21 and util-linux-2.11r. Added gcc-3.1 compile fix patches for ncurses, perl and vim.

May 26th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 05+06 – Binutils: Removed the tooldir setting from chapter 05-binutils, moved its description to chapter 06-binutils.

May 26th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 05 – Gawk & Findutils: simplified the installation by removing the libexecdir modifications. We can live with a $LFS/static/libexecdir being created. The whole $LFS/static directory is temporarily anyways, so we're not all that concerned with what it looks like.

May 26th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Creating Directories: removed the cd / command and changed the two chmod commands to use absolute paths instead.

May 25th, 2002 [markh]: Chapter 06 – Some minor corrections dealing with removing the $LFS variable where it isn't wanted.

May 23rd, 2002 [gerard]: Implemented the keep_chap5_and_chap6_sep lfs-hint. Highlights of the change: added findutils and util-linux to chapter 5, installed everything from chapter 5 into $LFS/static and re-ordered the installation of packages in chapter 6 to prevent hard-wiring the wrong path (files from $LFS/static).

May 23rd, 2002 [gerard]: Appendix A – E2fsprogs: Added some more descriptions.

May 23rd, 2002 [gerard]: Appendix A – Bin86: Added some descriptions.

May 23rd, 2002 [gerard]: Appendix A – Flex: Added some descriptions.

May 23rd, 2002 [gerard]: Appendix A – Glibc: Added some more descriptions.

May 18th, 2002 [gerard]: Appendix A – E2fsprogs: Added some descriptions.

May 18th, 2002 [gerard]: Appendix A – Glibc: Added some more descriptions.

May 17th, 2002 [markh]: Changed all chown X.X's to chown X:X's which is less likely to run into problems (according to info chown).

May 16th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 01 – Mirror sites: Added http interface to FTP mirror at idge.net

May 16th, 2002 [gerard]: Appendix A – Glibc: Added some more descriptions.

May 15th, 2002 [markh]: Chapter 05 – Bzip2. Changed the instructions to deal with hard links in older distros a'la the Chapter 05 gzip instructions.

May 11th, 2002 [markh]: Various XML fixups; mainly altering <ulink> tags to remove erroneous &#13; in the HTML output.

May 9th, 2002 [gerard]: Appendix A – Glibc: Filled in the missing descriptions.

May 6th, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Shadow: Fixed the symlink location of vigr to /usr/sbin

May 2nd, 2002 [gerard]: Chapter 06 – Procps: Changed the two single quotes to two double quotes (the two single quotes can be mistaken for one double quote which will cause an error).

May 2nd, 2002 [gerard]: Changed the cd dir && ln -sf commands to one single command (such as ln -sf bash $LFS/bin/sh Same goes for cd dir && mv/cp constructions which are now replaced with constructions like mv $LFS/usr/bin/{bzcat,bzip2} $LFS/bin

May 2nd, 2002 [markh]: Removed the «Removing old NSS library files» section.

1 мая 2002 [gerard]: Removed all Glibc-2.0 workarounds – gzip patch, sh-utils patch, copying of libnss files. Also removed the export VAR=VALUE...unset VAR constructions and changed them to VAR=VALUE ./configure constructions.

26 апреля 2002 [marcheerdink]: Глава 06 Findutils: добавлен libexecdir=/usr/bin к команде make. Исправляет неверный путь libexecdir в updatedb.

25 апреля 2002 [gerard]: Глава 06 Glibc: добавлена заметка от том, что вручную можно установить только нужные локали, а не все. Для этого необходимо создать директорию /usr/lib/locale.

21 апреля 2002 [gerard & markh]: Обновлен пакет MAKEDEV-1.5

12 апреля 2002 [markh]: Добавлена организация директорий к cvs и разделен index.xml.

10 апреля 2002 [marcheerdink]: Обновлены следующие пакеты: bison-1.35, diffutils-2.8.1, texinfo-4.2, util-linux-2.11q

9 апреля 2002 [marcheerdink]: Добавлено –disable-perl-regexp к configure-опциям grep, чтобы избежать ссылки на несуществующую статическую библиотеку pcre.

8 апреля 2002 [gerard]: Добавлено зеркало http://ftp.de.linuxfromscratch.org (в дополнение к ftp://ftp.de).

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