Эдвин Джеймс - Тайны языческих богов. От бога-медведя до Золотой Богини

• Название: Тайны языческих богов. От бога-медведя до Золотой Богини
• Автор: Эдвин Джеймс
• Издательство: Вече
• Жанр: Прочая научная литература
• Год: 2013
• ISBN: 978-5-4444-0282-5

Можем ли мы сейчас постичь самые ранние формы религии? Каким богам или духам, молились люди на безбрежных просторах всех обитаемых континентов Земли? Ведь археологические данные неопровержимо свидетельствуют, что религиозные представления существовали уже в эпоху неандертальцев. Сложнейшую задачу такой реконструкции блестяще решает автор этой книги — британский ученый с мировым именем Эдвин Оливер Джеймс. Благодаря энциклопедической широте охвата темы книга вызывает неослабевающий интерес у различных категорий читателей. Например, исследование автором погребальных обрядов столь далекого от нас палеолита помогает понять истоки некоторых верований и ритуалов, доныне сохранившихся у народов Русского Севера. Поэтому в приложении к книге публикуется дополняющая ее уникальными российскими материалами работа тюменского краеведа Аркадия Петровича Захарова, посвященная поискам статуи легендарной Золотой Богини.

Знак информационной продукции 16+

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524. Nilsson, History of Greek Religion, Oxford, 1925, p. 31.

525. Cf. Rose, Handbook of Greek Mythology, 1933, pp. 49f.

526. Cf. Aeschylus, Danaids, Tragg Graec., Fr. ed., Nauck, p. 44; Euripides, Fr. 898, pp. 7ff.; Cook, Zeus, vol. iii, pp. 456ff.; Famell, Cult of the Greek States, vol. i, pp. 244ff.

527. Chap, vii, p. 197.

528. Rose, op. cit., pp. 102ff.

529. Frazer, The Golden Bough, part 11, p. 140.

530. The Aryans, 1926, p. 81.

531. Shetelig and Falk, Scandinavian Archaeology, Oxford, 1937, pp. 156f.

532. The Golden Bough, part x, pp. 160ff.

ГЛАВА IX

533. Chap, vii, p. 203.

534. Cf. Atkinson, Stonehenge, 1956, p. 172.

535. Elementary Forms of the Religious Life, 1913, p. 206.

536. A. R. Radcliffe-Brown, A.A., 1935, pp. 394ff.; J.R.A.I., vol. lxxv, 1945. p. 33.

537. Op cit., pp. 47, 206.

538. Cf. chaps, v, vi.

539. Les fonctions dans les Societes Inferieures, Paris, 1915; La Mentaliteprimitive, Paris, 1921; L'Experience mystique et les symboles chez les primitifs, Paris, 1938.

540. Evans-Pritchard, Nuer Religion, Oxford, 1956, pp. 77, 82, I32f., I40f.

541. Chap. vii, p. 180.

542. Newberry, Annals of Archaeology and Anthropology, vol. v, Liverpool, 1913, p. 136.

543. Baumgartel, The Cultures of Prehistoric Egypt, Oxford, 1955, p. 31.

544. Homblower, J.E.A., vol. xv, 1929, p. 39.

545. Levy, The Gate of Horn, 1948, p. 116.

546. Op. cit., pp. 38, 43.

547. Winckler, Rock-Drawings of Southern Upper Egypt, 1938, p. 22.

548. Gadd, in Hall and Woolley, Ur Excavations, vol. i; Al 'Ubaid, Oxford, 1927, pp. 142f.

549. Op. cit, p. 143.

550. Cf. chap, vi, p. 159.

551. Chap, vi, p. 158.

552. Capitan, Les Combarelles aux Eyzies, 1924, pi. vi; Picard, Revue de Philologie, 1933, pp. 344ff.

553. Cf. Malton, Archa..ologisches Jahrbuch, 1928, pp. 90fT.

554. Capitan and Peyrony, Revue anthropologique, vol. xxxi, 1921, pp. 92ff.

555. Chap, vii, p. 178.

556. L’Anthrop. vol, xxiv, 1913, pp. 627ff.

557. Cf. chap, vi, p. 146.

558. A. Makowski, Mittheilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 1892, p. 73; Obermaier, Der Mensch der Vorzeit, p. 298; Breuil, L’Antrop., 1924, pp. 549ff.

559. Buckland, Reliquiae Diluvianae, 1823, pp. 82ff.

560. Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt, p. 61.

561. Frankfort, Kingship and the Gods, p. 178.

562. Tablet XI.

563. Cf. Heidel, The Gilgamesh Epic and the Old Testament Parallels, Chicago, 1949, pp. 207 ff.

564. F. Thureau-Dangin, Hilprecht Anniversary Volume, Leipzig, 1909, p. 161.

565. Chap. ii, p. 43.

566. Chap. ii, p. 53.

567. Chap. ii, pp. 48f. Также, Woolley, Ur Excavations, The Royal Cemeteries, vol. ii, 1934, pp. 135ff.; Mackay, Report on the Excavations of the "А" Cemetery at Kish, vol. i, Chicago, 1925, pp. 13f.

568. Vats, Excavations at Harappa, vol. i, 1940, pp. 207ff.

569. Rig-veda, x, 18.

570. Rig-veda, x, i, 4, 16.

571. Evans, Palace of Minos, vol. ii. p. 279,

572. Chap. vi, p. 164.

573. Monumenti Antichi, vol. xix, pp. 5—86, pis. i — iii.

574. Palace of Minos, vol. i, pp. 439, 447.

575. Harrison, Themis, 1912, p. 178; Petersen, Arch. Jahrbuch, vol. xxiv, 1909, p. 162.

576. Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, pp. 378ff.

577. Evans, J.H.S., vol. xiv, 1925, pp. 68ff.

578. Mycenaean Tree and Pillar Cult, 1901, pp. 98fF.

579. Chap. iv, p. 108.

580. Cf. Crawford, The Long Barrows of the Cotswolds, 1925, p. 14.

581. P.P.S., N.S. i, vol. ii, 1935, p. 108.

582. C. A. Nordman, Tbe Megalithic Culture in Northern Europe, Helsinki, 193 5, p. 28; Crawford, op. cit., p. 13.

583. Op. c/7., p. 127.

584. Prehistoric Chamber Tombs of England and Wales, 1950, p. 110.

585. Nordman, op. cit, p. 29.

586. P.P.S., N.S. iv, 1938, p. 128.

587. Chap. v, p. 133.

588. Chap. viii, p. 224.

589. Yasht,x, 13.

ABBREVIATIONS

A.A. American Anthropologist l'Anthrop. L’Anthropologie B.A.E. Bureau of American Ethnology. B.S.A. British School of Athens, Annual of. E.R.E. Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics. J.E.A. Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. J.H.S. Journal of Hellenic Studies. J.N.E.S. Journal of Near Eastern Studies. J.R.A.l, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. J.R.A.S. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. P.P.S. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society.

БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

ГЛАВА I

Black, D., Fossil Man in China, Peiping, 1933.

Boule, H., Les Homines Fossiles, 3rd ed., Paris, 1946.

Broderick, A. H., Early Man, 1946.

Burkitt, М. C., Prehistory, 2nd ed., Cambridge, 1927; Our Early Ancestors, Cambridge. 1926; The Old Stone Age, 3rded., 1955.

Clark, J. G. D., The Mesolithic Settlements of Northern Europe, Cambridge, 1936.

Hose, C., and McDougall, W., The Pagan Tribes of Borneo, 1912.

Jackson, J.W., Shells as Evidence of the Migrations of Early Culture, 1917.

Keith, A., The Antiquity of Man, 2 vols., 2nd ed., 1929.

Luquet, G. H., The Art and Religion of Fossil Man, 1930.

Macalister, R.A.S., Textbook of European Archaeology, Cambridge, 1921.

Marshall, H. I., The Karen People of Borneo, Ohio, 1922.

Obermaier, H., Fossil Man in Spain, New Haven, Yale Press, 1925.

Oppenoorth, W. F. F., Early Man, edited by MacCurdy, Philadelphia, 1937—Osborn, H., Men of the Old Stone Age, 1918.

Sollas, W. J., Ancient Hunters, 3rd ed., 1924.

Teilhard de Chardin, Early Man in China, Peiping, 1941.

Vemeau, R., Les Grottes de Grimaldi, Monaco, 1906.

Zeuner, F. E., Dating the Past, 1952; The Pleistocene Period, 1945.

ГЛАВА II

Baumgartel, E. J., The Cultures of Prehistoric Egypt, Oxford, 1955.

Breasted, J. H., Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt, 1914.

Brunton, G., Mostagedda, 1937.

Brunton, G., and Caton/Thompson, G., The Badarian Civilization, 1928.

Caton’Thompson, G., and Gardner, E. W., The Desert Fayum, 1934.

Childe, V. G., New Light on the Most Ancient East, new edition, 1952.

Hargreaves, H., Excavations in Baluchistan, 1925.

Jacobsen, Т., The Sumerian King Lists, Chicago, 1939.

Lloyd, Seton, Mesopotamia, 1936.

Mackay, E.J.H., Further Excavations at Mohenjo'daro, 1938; The Indus Civilization, 1935; Chanhu-daro Excavations, New Haven, 1943.

Marshall, Sir J., Mohenjo-daro and the buius Civilization. 2 vols., 1931.

McCown, D. E., The Comparative Stratigraphy of Early Iran, Chicago, 1942.

Perkins, A. L., The Comparative Archaeology of Early Mesopotamia,

Chicago, 1949—Petrie, Sir Flinders W. М., Prehistoric Egypt, 1920; The Royal Tombs of the First Dynasty, 1900; A by <Jos, vol. i, 1902; vol. ii, 1903; Pyramids and Temples at Gfceh, 1885.

Piggott, S., Prehistoric India, 1950; Some Ancient Cities of India, 1945.

Pumpelly, R., Explorations in Turkestan, Camegic Institute, 1906—8. Quibell, J. E., and Green, F. W., Hierakonpolis, vol. ii, 1902.

Speiser, E. A., The Excavations at Tepe Gawra, vol. i, Philadelphia, 1935.

Tobler, A. J., The Excavations at Tepe Gawra, vol. ii, Philadelphia, 1950.

Vats, M. S., Excavations at Harappa, New Delhi, 1940.

Watelin, L. C., Kish, vol. iv, Paris, 1934.

Wheeler, Sir Mortimer R. E., The Cambridge History of India; The Indus Civilization, Cambridge, 1953.

Woolley, Sir Leonard, The Sumerians, Oxford, 1929; Ur of the Chaldees, 1950.

Woolley, L., and Hall, H. R., Ur Excavations, vol. i, Al "Ubaid, 1927; The Royal Cemetery, 1934.

ГЛАВА III

Crawford, O. G. S., The Long Barrows of the С otsw olds, Gloucester, 1925.

Childe, V. G., The Dawn of European Civilization, 3rd ed., 1950.

Prehistoric Communities of the British Isles, 1940; The Prehistory of Scotland, 193 5; Skara Brae, 1931.

Curwen, E. C., The Archaeology of Sussex, 2nd ed., 1954.

Daniel, G. E., The Prehistoric Chamber Tombs of England and Wales, Cambridge, 1950; "The Dual Nature of the Megalithic

Colonisation of Prehistoric Europe", Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, vol. vii, 1941.

Evans, Sir Arthur, The Palace of Minos, vols. i-iv, 1922—35.

Forde, C. D., Early Culture of Atlantic EuropdIAmerican Anthropologist, 32, pp. 19—100, 1930.

Hawkes, C. F. C., The Prehistoric Foundations of Europe, 1940.

Jessup, R. F., The Archaeology of Kent, 1930.

Macalister, R. A. S., The Archaeology of Ireland, 1928.

Nordman, C. A., The Megalithic Culture in Northern Europe, 1935.

Peet, Т. E., The Stone and Bronze Ages in Italy and Sicily Oxford, 1909.

Petrie, Sir Flinders, Royal Tombs of the First Dynasty; 1900—I.

Piggott, S., The Neolithic Cultures of the British Isles, Cambridge, 1954.

Seager, R. B., Explorations in Mochlos, Boston, 1912.

Siret, L., Les premiers Ages du metal dans le sud-est de ГEspagne, Paris, 1888.

Xanthoudides, S., The Vaulted Tombs ofMesara, 1924.

Zammit, Т., Prehistoric Malta; "The Tarxien Temples", Oxford, 1930; The Neolithic Temples at Hajar Kin and Mnaidra, Valetta, 1927.

ГЛАВА IV

Breasted, J. H., Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt, 1914.

Budge, Sir Ernest A. W., The Book of the Opening of the Mouth, 2 vols., 1909.

Childe, V. G., Prehistoric Communities of the British Isles, 1940; The Danube in Prehistory, Oxford, 1929.

Davies, N. G., and Gardiner, A. H., The Tomb of Amenemhet, 1915.

Elliot Smith, Sir Grafton, and Dawson, W. R., Egyptian Mummies, 1924.

Garstang, J., Burial Customs of Ancient Egypt, 1907.

Greenwell, W., British Barrows, 1877.

Grinsell, L. V, Ancient Burial" Mounds of England, 1953.

Hawkes, C. F. C., The Prehistoric Foundations of Europe, 1940. Mercer, S., The Pyramid Texts, 1929.

Moret, A., Le Rituel du Culte divin journalier en Egyptet Paris, 1902. Peake, H. J. E., The Bronze Age and the Celtic World. 1922.

Petrie, Sir Flinders, Medum, 1892; Deshasheh. 1898.

Piggott, S., Aspects of Archaeology, 1951.

Randal'lMacIver, Villanovans and Early Etruscans, Oxford, 1924.

ГЛАВА V

Basedown, H., The Australian Aboriginal, 1925.

Brasseur de Bourbourg, Histoire des nations civil isde du Mexique et de VAmerique, vol. iv, Paris, 1859.