Сборник статей - Россия и США: познавая друг друга. Сборник памяти академика Александра Александровича Фурсенко / Russia and the United States: perceiving each other. In Memory of the Academician Alexander A. Fursenko / Russia and the United States: perc

• Название: Россия и США: познавая друг друга. Сборник памяти академика Александра Александровича Фурсенко / Russia and the United States: perceiving each other. In Memory of the Academician Alexander A. Fursenko / Russia and the United States: perceiving each o...
• Автор: Сборник статей
• Жанр: Биографии и Мемуары
• Год: 2015
• ISBN: 978-5-4469-0546-1

Этот сборник статей и материалов посвящен памяти выдающегося российского историка Александра Александровича Фурсенко (1927–2008). Его тематика определяется основными научными направлениями, разработкой которых занимался он сам. Сборник открывается мемориальным разделом, в котором публикуется несколько очерков, посвященных различным эпизодам насыщенной событиями жизни А. А. Фурсенко. Основной объем сборника занимают три тематических раздела, в которых сгруппированы статьи российских американистов по различным проблемам истории США, статьи американских русистов по истории России и статьи по истории русско-американских отношений, написанные как отечественными, так и зарубежными историками. Большой интерес представляют также впервые публикуемые здесь документы, принадлежащие перу А. А. Фурсенко. Это и личные письма, повествующие об обстоятельствах, при которых он впервые оказался в частном архиве семейства Рокфеллеров, и официальный отчет о его пребывании в США двадцать лет спустя.

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192

Klier, Russians, Jews, and the Pogroms of 1881–1882, p. 86.

193

Donald L. Horowitz, The Deadly Ethnic Riot (Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 2001).

194

Klier, Russians, Jews, and the Pogroms of 1881–1882, p. 76.

195

Ibid., p. 67.

196

Prophecy and Politics: Socialism, Nationalism, & the Russian Jews, 1862–1917 (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1981). The longer time frame of Frankel’s study accounts in part for regarding early Jewish socialists and proto-Zionists as prophetic. Their actual role in the early 1880s was less impressive and even contributed to the crisis. See Frankel’s chapter 2.

197

Russia Gathers Her Jews: the Origins of the Jewish Question in Russia, 1772–1825 (DeKalb: Northern Illinois UP, 1986); and Imperial Russia’s Jewish Question, 1855–1881 (NY: Cambridge UP, 1995).

198

Klier, Russians, Jews, and the Pogroms of 1881–1882, p. 327.

199

Beyond the Pale: the Jewish Encounter with Late Imperial Russia (Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 2002).

200

Meir, “Jews, Ukrainians, and Russians in Kiev: Intergroup Relations in Late Imperial Associational Life”, Slavic Review, 65/3 (Fall 2006): 475–501.

201

Kiev: Jewish Metropolis. A History, 1859–1914 (Bloomington: Indiana UP, 2010).

202

Ibid., p. 38.

203

Children of Rus’: Right-Bank Ukraine and the Invention of a Russian Nation (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2013).

204

Meir, Kiev: Jewish Metropolis, p. 58, 108.

205

Michael F. Hamm, Kiev: A Portrait, 1800–1917 (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1993).

206

The Golden Age Shtetl. A New History of Jewish Life East Europe (Princeton: Princeton UP, 2014).

207

With population (in 1910) of 65,864, 37,633, and 88,431, respectively. A. I. Riabchenko, ed. & comp., Rossiia. Geograficheskoe opisanie rossiiskoi imperii po guberniiam i oblastiam s geograficheskimi kartami. I: Evropeiskaia Rossiia (SPb., 1913): Iugozapadnyia gubernii, 45, 46. (Географическое описание Российской империи по губерниям и областям с географическими картами / Ред. А. Е. Рябченко. СПб., 1913. С. 45, 46).

208

Anti-Jewish Violence. Rethinking the Pogrom in East European History, ed. Jonathan Dekel-Chen, David Gaunt, Natan M. Meir, & Israel Bartal (Bloomington: Indiana UP, 2011). Sites of European Antisemitism in the Age of Mass Politics, 1880–1918, ed. Robert Nemes & Daniel Unowsky (Lebanon, NH: Univ. Press of New England; Brandeis UP, 2014). Essays in both volumes include topics that go beyond the temporal and geographic limits of this essay.

209

David Engel, “What’s in a Pogrom? European Jews in the Age of Violence”, Anti-Jewish Violence, p. 19–37.

210

Ibid., p. 35. The richness and worth of the other essays in this volume lie in the degree to which they go beyond Engel’s formal definition.

211

Daniel Unowsky, “Local Violence, Regional Politics, and State Crisis: the 1989 Anti-Jewish Riots in Habsburg Galicia”, Sites of European Antisemitism, p. 13–35; and in the same volume: Julia Onac, “The Brusturoasa Uprising in Romania” (79–93); Michal Frankl, “The Moravian Anti-Jewish Violence of 1899 and Its Background” (95–114); and Marija Vulesica, “ ‘An Antisemitic Aftertaste’: Anti-Jewish Violence in Habsburg Croatia”, (115–134).

212

Klaus Richter, “Horrible Were the Avengers, but the Jews Were Horrible Too: Anti-Jewish Riots in Rural Lithuania in 1905”, Sites of European Antisemitism, p. 199–214; Darius Staliūnas & Vladas Sirutavičius, “Was Lithuania a Pogrom-Free Zone? (1881–1940)”, and Claire Le Foll, “The Missing Pogroms of Belorussia, 1881–1882: Conditions and Motives of an Absence of Violence”, Anti-Jewish Violence, p. 144–158, 159–173, respectively.

213

Richter, “Horrible Were the Avengers”, Sites of European Antisemitism, p. 204. In grouping 1903 events with those in 1905, Richter is apparently following current convention in considering the dynamics of pogroms in the Russian Empire following the Kishinev pogrom to have been linked and to have culminates in those in 1905.

214

Ibid., p. 205–6, quoting Helmut Walser Smith, The Continuities of German History: Nation, Religion, and Race across the Long Nineteenth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2008): 155.

215

E.g., Klier, Russians, Jews, and the Pogroms, p. 87. See also Klier’s essay “The Pogrom Paradigm in Russian History”, Pogroms: Anti-Jewish Violence in Modern Russian History, ed. John D. Klier and Shlomo Lambroza (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1992): 13–38.

216

As Richter’s article exemplifies and the comments on method of Daniel Unowsky and Hillel J. Kieval indicate (Sites of European Antisemitism, chapters 10, 1, and the Afterword, respectively).

217

This paper was originally delivered at the Conference on the First World War, Moscow, June 2014. I am grateful for the invitation and the stimulating comments by colleagues at the conference.