Брендан Симмс - Европа. Борьба за господство

• Название: Европа. Борьба за господство
• Автор: Брендан Симмс
• Жанр: Прочая научная литература
• Год: 2017
• ISBN: 978-5-17-095456-8, 978-5-17-100628-0

Европа, на землях которой шла многовековая борьба за господство…

Борьба оружия и дипломатии, культурного, религиозного, политического и экономического влияния…

Какие же страны одерживали верх в этой борьбе?

А какие были отброшены назад?

Каким государствам удалось подняться после разрушительных поражений?

А какие так и остались на обочине истории?

На эти и другие вопросы отвечает в своей книге Брендан Симмс – известный британский историк, профессор, директор Центра международных исследований Кембриджского университета.

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353

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355

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356

John Adams to Mercy Warren, 20 July 1807, in Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society, Fifth Series, IV (1878), p. 338. I thank Daniel Robinson for drawing this letter to my attention.

357

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358

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359

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361

Jonathan R. Dull, A diplomatic history of the American Revolution (New Haven and London, 1985), p. 47.

362

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366

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367

Парусные линейный корабли имели экипаж до 800 человек и вооружение до 130 орудий и предназначались для боевых действий в линейном боевом порядке, когда все корабли были обращены одним бортом к противнику. Примеч. ред.

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Stephen Conway, The British Isles and the War of American Independence (Oxford, 2000), pp. 16, 350 and 17.

369

Cited in Scott, Emergence of the eastern powers, p. 1.

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373

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374

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375

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376

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380

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381

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382

Quoted in Karl A. Roider, Austria’s Eastern Question, 1700–1790 (Princeton, 1982), p. 180.

383

Alexander Hamilton, Federalist Paper no. 34, 5.1.1788, in J. R. Pole (ed.), The Federalist. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay (Indianapolis and Cambridge, 2005), p. 178.

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385

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386

Deborah Allen, ‘Acquiring “knowledge of our own continent”: geopolitics, science, and Jeffersonian geography, 1783–1803’, Journal of American Studies, 40 (2006), pp. 205–32 (Jay is quoted on p. 216). For the importance of the west see François FÜrstenberg, ‘The significance of the trans – Appalachian Frontier in Atlantic history, c.1754–1815’, American Historical Review, 113 (2008), pp. 647–77.

387

Alexander Hamilton, Federalist Paper no. 25, 21.12.1787, in Pole (ed.), Federalist, p. 133.

388

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389

О страхе колонистов перед расколом и повторением опыта итальянских городов-государств: David C. Hendrickson, Peace pact. The lost world of the American founding (Lawrence, Kan., 2003), p. 63.

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391

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394

Значимость международного соперничества для конституции: Michael Schwarz, ‘The great divergence reconsidered. Hamilton, Madison, and U. S. – British relations, 1783–89’, Journal of the Early Republic, 27 (2007), pp. 407–36, especially pp. 419–21.

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Своим представлением о взаимосвязи дипломатического упадка ancien régime и началом французской революции я в немалой степени обязан работе: Gary J. Savage, ‘The French Revolution and the secret du roi. Diplomatic tradition, foreign policy and political culture in later eighteenth-century France (1756–1792)’ (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Cambridge, 2005).

400

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401

Quoted in Price, Vergennes, p. 234.

402

Montmorin is quoted in Jeremy J. Whiteman, Reform, revolution and French global policy, 1787–1791 (Aldershot, 2003), p. 103.

403

Munro Price, ‘The court nobility and the origins of the French Revolution’, in H. Scott and B. Simms (eds.), Cultures of power in Europe during the Long Eighteenth Century (Cambridge, 2007), pp. 278–9.

404

Chapter 2 of the Cahiers, quoted in John Hall Stewart (ed.), A documentary survey of the French Revolution (New York, 1951), p. 59.

405

Quotation in Stone, Genesis of the French Revolution, p. 207.

406

David A. Bell, The cult of the nation in France. Inventing nationalism, 1680–1800 (Cambridge, Mass., and London, 2001), pp. 14–17 and passim (Sieyes is quoted on p. 14).

407

Quoted in Michael Hochedlinger, ‘Who’s afraid of the French Revolution? Austrian foreign policy and the European crisis, 1787–1797’, German History, 21, 3 (2003), pp. 293–318 (quotation p. 303).

408

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409

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410

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411

Quoted in T. C. W. Blanning, The origins of the French Revolutionary Wars (Harlow, 1986), p. 132.

412

Horst Möller, ‘Primat der Aussenpolitik: Preussen und die französische Revolution, 1789–1795’, in Jürgen Voss (ed.), Deutschland und die französische Revolution (Munich, 1983), pp. 65–81.

413

Adam Hochschild, Bury the chains. The first international human rights movement (London and New York, 2005), p. 137, and William Hague, William Wilberforce. The life of the great anti-slave trade campaigner (London, 2007), pp. 149–50.

414

Цветному населению (фр.). Примеч. ред.

415

Jeremy Popkin, You are all free. The Haitian Revolution and the abolition of slavery (Cambridge, 2010), p. 276. See also John Thornton, ‘“I am the subject of the King of Congo”: African political ideology and the Haitian Revolution’, Journal of World History, 4, 2 (1993), pp. 181–214, especially p. 183.

416

Историческое герцогство в долине Рейна, по обоим берегам реки Рур. Примеч. ред.

417

Michael Hochedlinger, ‘“La cause de tous les maux de la France”. Die “Austrophobie” im revolutionären Frankreich und der Sturz des Königtums, 1789–1792’, Francia, 24 (1997), pp. 73–120.

418

Eckhard Buddruss, Die französische Deutschlandpolitik, 1756–1789 (Mainz, 1995).

419

Quotations in Savage, ‘The French Revolution and the secret du roi’, p. 211.

420

Sidney Seymour Biro, The German policy of Revolutionary France. A study in French diplomacy during the War of the First Coalition, 1792–1797, 2 vols. (Cambridge, Mass., 1957).

421

The Padua Circular and Declaration of Pillnitz are printed in Hall Stewart (ed.), Documentary survey, pp. 221–4.