James Baldwin - Английский язык с Робинзоном Крузо (в пересказе для детей) (ASCII-IPA)

• Название: Английский язык с Робинзоном Крузо (в пересказе для детей) (ASCII-IPA)
• Автор: James Baldwin
• Жанр: Прочая детская литература

Английский язык с Робинзоном Крузо (в пересказе для детей)

Robinson Crusoe Written Anew for Children by James Baldwin

Необыкновенно простой язык. C этой книги хорошо начинать читать по-английски.

Текст адаптирован (без упрощения текста оригинала) по методу Ильи Франка: текст разбит на небольшие отрывки, каждый и который повторяется дважды: сначала идет английский текст с «подсказками» — с вкрапленным в него дословным русским переводом и лексико-грамматическим комментарием (то есть адаптированный), а затем — тот же текст, но уже неадаптированный, без подсказок.

Начинающие осваивать английский язык могут при этом читать сначала отрывок текста с подсказками, а затем тот же отрывок — без подсказок. Вы как бы учитесь плавать: сначала плывете с доской, потом без доски. Совершенствующие свой английский могут поступать наоборот: читать текст без подсказок, по мере необходимости подглядывая в подсказки.

Запоминание слов и выражений происходит при этом за счет их повторяемости, без зубрежки.

Кроме того, читатель привыкает к логике английского языка, начинает его «чувствовать».

Этот метод избавляет вас от стресса первого этапа освоения языка — от механического поиска каждого слова в словаре и от бесплодного гадания, что же все-таки значит фраза, все слова из которой вы уже нашли.

Пособие способствует эффективному освоению языка, может служить дополнением к учебникам по грамматике или к основным занятиям. Предназначено для студентов, для изучающих английский язык самостоятельно, а также для всех интересующихся английской культурой.

Мультиязыковой проект Ильи Франка: www.franklang.ru

От редактора fb2. Есть два способа оформления транскрипции: UTF-LATIN и ASCII-IPA. Для корректного отображения UTF-LATIN необходимы полноценные юникодные шрифты, например, DejaVu или Arial Unicode MS. Если по каким либо причинам вас это не устраивает, то воспользуйтесь ASCII-IPA версией той же самой книги (отличается только кодированием транскрипции). Но это сопряженно с небольшими трудностями восприятия на начальном этапе. Более подробно об ASCII-IPA читайте в Интернете:

http://alt-usage-english.org/ipa/ascii_ipa_combined.shtml

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirshenbaum

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Little did I think that I should never see our boat floating upon the water again (мало я /тогда/ задумывался над тем, что никогда больше не увижу нашу лодку вновь на плаву). For all that I know (я могу лишь предположить), she is still lying high and dry in her little waterproof dock (что она все еще лежит вытащенной на берег в своем маленьком, не пропускающем воду доке; waterproof — водонепроницаемый, непромокаемый; водоотталкивающий; водостойкий, водоупорный).

We were now kept indoors a great part of the time (мы держались = проводили теперь внутри/в доме большую часть времени; to keep — держать, не отдавать; держаться, сохраняться; оставаться /в известном положении, состоянии/; /разг./ жить: where do you keep? — где вы обретаетесь?), but we kept ourselves occupied pleasantly (но мы были приятно занятыми), and the hours passed swiftly (и часы проходили быстро).

My first duty every morning (моей первой обязанностью каждое утро; duty — долг, обязательство) was to read several chapters from the Bible (было читать несколько глав из Библии). Then I instructed Friday in some of the truths of religion (затем я наставлял Пятницу в некоторых религиозных истинах).

I was but an awkward teacher (я был всего лишь неловким учителем), but I did my best (но я старался/делал все возможное: «делал мое лучшее») and was honest (и был честным = добросовестным).

I began by asking him about the Creator (я начал с того, что задал ему вопрос о Создателе; to create — создавать, творить).

I asked him who made the sea, the hills, the woods (я спросил его, кто сделал море, холмы, лес), the ground we walked on (землю, по которой мы ходим).

He told me it was one great being who lived beyond all (он сказал мне, что это было великое существо, которое жило вне пределов всего).

I confess (я признаюсь) I could not have given a better answer (я не мог бы дать лучшего ответа).

He said that this great being was older than the sea or the land, the moon or the stars (он сказал, что это великое существо было старше моря и: «или» суши, луны и звезд).

Then I said (затем я сказал), "If this being has made all things (если это существо сделало все вещи), why do not all things worship him (почему все вещи не почитают его)?"

He looked very grave (он выглядел очень серьезным = принял серьезный вид; grave — важный, степенный, серьезный), and with eyes full of innocence (и с глазами, полными невинности), answered, "All things say O to him (все вещи говорят ему «О»)."

Thus he taught me while I was trying to teach him (так он учил меня, в то время как я пытался учить его).

rudder ['rVd@], cedar ['si:d@], carpenter ['kA:p(@)nt@], pretty ['prItI], rough [rVf], kindred ['kIndr@d], haul [hO:l], occupy ['OkjupaI], pleasantly ['plezntlI], awkward ['O:kw@d], Creator [krI'eIt@], worship ['w@:SIp], innocence ['In@s(@)ns]

I MAKE A NEW BOAT

I MADE up my mind to begin the new boat at once.

So, the next day, I went with Friday to find a good tree.

There were trees enough on the island to build a fleet. But, I must find one that was close to the water, so that we could launch the boat when it was made. At last Friday found one. He knew, better than I, what kind of wood was best for making a boat.

It was an odd-looking tree, and to this day I do not know its name.

Friday chopped it down. He cut off a part of it for the boat.

He wished to build a fire on the top of it and thus burn out the hollow part of the boat.

But I showed him a better way, to chop it out with hatchets and chisels.

In about a month it was finished. With our axes we cut and hewed the outside till it was in a very good shape.

Then we worked hard for two weeks to get the boat into the water.

But when she was in, how well she floated! She would have carried at least twenty men.

It was wonderful how well Friday could manage her. It was wonderful how fast he could paddle.

"Now, Friday," I said, "do you think she will carry us over the sea?"

"Yes, master," he said, "she will carry us even in the worst wind."

My next care was to make a mast and a sail, and to fit the boat with an anchor and a rudder.

It was easy enough to get the mast. I had Friday cut down a tall young cedar that grew near the place.

He shaped it and smoothed it, and made as pretty a mast as you would wish to see.

As for the sail, that was another thing. I had old sails, or pieces of old sails in plenty.

But they had been lying in this place and in that for six and twenty years. It would be a wonder if they were not all rotten.

After a long search I found two pieces which I thought would do. I set to work, patching and stitching.

It was slow work without needles, you may be sure.

At last I had a three-cornered, ugly thing.

I had also a little short sprit to run up at the top of the mast.

It took two months to make the sails and the rigging as I wished.

Then I put in a rudder to steer the boat. I was a poor carpenter, and I made a pretty rough job of it.

Friday knew how to paddle a canoe as well as any man.

But he knew nothing about a sail. He had never seen a boat steered by a rudder.

We made several little voyages near the island and I taught him how to manage everything about the boat.

Much as I wished to go back to my own people, I could not make up my mind to try the long voyage across to the mainland.

I had now been on the island twenty-seven years. My man Friday had been with me about two years, and these had been the happiest of my life. I had everything to make me comfortable and happy.

Why should I wish to go away?

I had a great longing to see my native land again, to talk with people of my own race, perhaps to visit my kindred once more. This longing I could not rid myself of, day or night.

But now new thoughts came into mind. I felt that in some way I would soon escape from the island. Indeed, I was quite sure that I would not stay there another year.

I cannot tell you what made me feel that way. But I seemed to know that some great change in my life was near at hand.

Yet I went on with my farming as before. I dug, I planted, I reaped, I gathered my grapes, I did everything just as though I had no such thoughts.

My man Friday was the truest of helpers. He did all the heavy labor. He would not let me lift my hand if he could help it.

The rainy season at last came upon us, and this put an end to most of our outdoor work.

We took our new boat to a safe place some distance up the little river, above the point where I had landed my rafts from the ship.

We hauled her up to the shore at high-water mark, and there Friday dug a little dock for her.

This dock was just big enough to hold her and it was just deep enough to give her water to float in.

When the tide was out we made a strong dam across the end of it, to keep the water out. Thus she lay high and dry on the bank of the river.

To keep the rain off we laid a great many branches of trees upon her till she was covered thickly with them. A thatched roof could not have protected her better.

Little did I think that I should never see our boat floating upon the water again. For all that I know, she is still lying high and dry in her little waterproof dock.

We were now kept indoors a great part of the time, but we kept ourselves occupied pleasantly, and the hours passed swiftly.

My first duty every morning was to read several chapters from the Bible. Then I instructed Friday in some of the truths of religion.

I was but an awkward teacher, but I did my best and was honest.

I began by asking him about the Creator.

I asked him who made the sea, the hills, the woods, the ground we walked on.

He told me it was one great being who lived beyond all.

I confess I could not have given a better answer.

He said that this great being was older than the sea or the land, the moon or the stars.

Then I said, "If this being has made all things, why do not all things worship him?"

He looked very grave, and with eyes full of innocence, answered, "All things say O to him."

Thus he taught me while I was trying to teach him.

I SEE A STRANGE SAIL

(я вижу незнакомый парус)

I PASS over some wonderful things that happened during my last year on the island (я пропускаю некоторые удивительные вещи, которые произошли в течение последнего моего года на острове). For I must not make this story too long (так как я не должен делать эту историю слишком длинной).

I was fast asleep in my castle one morning when Friday came running in (я крепко спал в моем замке одним утром, когда Пятница вбежал: «прибыл бежащим» внутрь).

"O master, master (о хозяин)!" he cried (прокричал он), "a boat, a boat (лодка)!"

I jumped up (я вскочил) and went out as quickly as could (и вышел так быстро, как мог). I was in such haste (я был в такой спешке) that I forgot to carry my gun with me (что забыл взять с собой ружье).

I looked toward the sea (я взглянул на море). About three miles from the shore I saw a strange boat coming to the island (примерно в трех милях от берега я увидел чужую лодку, плывущую к берегу). It carried a leg-of-mutton sail (на ней был треугольный парус: «она несла треугольный парус»; leg-of-mutton sail — треугольный парус: «парус 'нога барана'») and was coming swiftly with the wind (и быстро подплывала, идя по ветру). "Surely (конечно/несомненно)," I thought, "this is not the kind of boat that savages sail in (это не того рода лодка, в каких плавают дикари)."

Then I saw that it was coming not from the open sea on my side of the island (затем я увидел, что она приближается не со стороны открытого моря на моей стороне острова), but from around a point on the south shore (а вокруг мыса на южном берегу).

I ran back to my castle (я побежал обратно в замок) and told Friday to stay inside and keep quiet (и сказал Пятнице оставаться внутри и сидеть тихо: «держаться/сохраняться тихо») till we could learn whether the people in the boat were friends or foes (пока мы не узнаем, были ли люди в лодке друзьями или врагами).

Then I climbed up to my lookout on the top of the great rock (затем я забрался на мой наблюдательный пункт на вершине большой скалы).

I looked out toward the south shore (я посмотрел в сторону южного берега), and there I saw a ship lying at anchor (и увидел там корабль, стоящий: «лежащий» на якоре). As nearly as I could guess (насколько я мог прикинуть; to guess — гадать, догадываться; полагать, считать), it was about five miles from my castle (он был примерно в пяти милях от моего замка) and at least three miles from the shore (и самое малое в трех милях от берега).

It looked just like an English ship (он выглядел в точности как английский корабль), and the boat was surely an English longboat (и лодка была несомненно английским баркасом[12]).

I cannot tell you how glad I was at the thought (я не могу передать вам, как счастлив я был при мысли) that some of my own countrymen were so near (что некоторые из моих соотечественников были столь близко). Yet I felt strange fears (и все же я почувствовал странные страхи), and so made up my mind to be very cautious (и потому принял решение быть очень осторожным).

In the first place, what business could an English ship have in these seas (прежде всего, какие дела могли быть у английского корабля в этих морях)? The English had no lands in this part of the world (у англичан не было никаких земель = владений в этой части света). They would not come here to trade (они не могли прибыть сюда для торговли). There had been no storms to drive the vessel to this place (не было /и/ штормов, чтобы пригнать судно в это место).