Крис Огилви-Геральд - Проклятие Тутанхамона

• Название: Проклятие Тутанхамона
• Автор: Крис Огилви-Геральд
• Издательство: М.: Эксмо, 2010. — 544 с.: ил
• Жанр: Прочая научная литература
• Год: 2010
• ISBN: 978-5-699-41545-8

День 4 ноября 1922 года стал одним из величайших в истории мировой археологии. Именно тогда знаменитый египтолог Говард Картер и лорд Карнарвон, финансировавший раскопки, обнаружили гробницу фараона Тутанхамона, наполненную бесценными сокровищами Однако для членов экспедиции этот день стал началом кошмара. Люди, когда-либо спускавшиеся в усыпальницу, погибали один за другим. Газеты принялись публиковать невероятные материалы о древнем египетском демоне, мстящем археологам за осквернение гробницы…

В своей увлекательной книге известные исследователи исторических аномалий Коллинз и Огилви-Геральд подробно изложили хронологию открытия гробницы Тутанхамона и связанных с этим загадочных событий Основываясь на письмах и статьях знаменитых археологов, а также воспоминаниях очевидцев, авторы задаются сенсационным вопросом: не могли ли Говард Картер и лорд Карнарвон обнаружить в гробнице Тутанхамона некую взрывоопасную тайну, способную в случае огласки перевернуть сложившиеся взгляды на библейскую и мировую историю? И не могла ли эта тайна стать для первооткрывателей усыпальницы реальным проклятием — осуществляемым не мстительными богами Египта, а наемными убийцами на службе влиятельных политических сил, которым могла помешать неудобная правда?..

Andrew Collins, Chris Ogilvie-HeraldTUTANKHAMUN. THE EXODUS CONSPIRACY;TRUTH BEHIND ARCHAEOLOGY» S GREATEST MYSTERY
_{Перевод с английского кандидата филологических наук С.В.Головой и А.М.ГоловаОформление обложки художника Евгения Савченко}

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ГЛАВА ЧЕТВЕРТАЯ. ПОИСКИ НАЧИНАЮТСЯ

1Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, p. 44.

2Burghclere, «Introduction», in Carter and Mace, The Tomb ofTut.ankhAmen, I, p. 27.

3See Laughlin, Archaeology and the Bible, p. 72.

4Carnarvon and Carter, Five Years» Explorations at Thebes: A record of work done 1907 — 1911-

5Winstone, Howard Carter and the Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhamun, p. 114.

6Carter and Mace, I, p. 80.

7Ibid., I, p. 81.

8Ibid.

9Ibid. I, p. 82.

10Ibid.

11Breasted, Pioneer to the Past: The Story of James Henry Breasted Archaeologist, p. 328.

12Carter and Mace, I,p. 82.

13Ibid., I, p. 83.

14Ibid., I, p. 85.

15Breasted, р. 328.

16Ibid.

17Carter and Mace, I, p. 85.

18Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 73.

19Ibid.

ГЛАВА 5. СМЕРТЬ ЗОЛОТОЙ ПТИЧКИ

1Carter and Mace, The Tomb of Tut.ankh.Amen, I, p. 90.

2Gardiner, My Working Years, p. 37.

3Carter and Mace, I, p. 87.

4Breasted, Pioneer to the Past: The Story of James Henry Breasted Archaeologist, p. 332.

5Carter and Mace, I, p. 88.

6Ibid., I, p. 89.

7See, for example, James, Howard Carter: the Path to Tutankhamun.

8Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 81.

9A letter from Herbert E Winlock, assistant curator of Egyptology at the Metropolitan Museum, New York, to its director Edward Robinson, dated 28 March 1923, quoted in Hoving, p. 82. See also James, p. 218, who quotes the first paragraph.

10Breasted, p. 342.

11Letter from Winlock to Robinson, 28 March 1923, op. cit.

12Ibid.

13Breasted, p. 342.

14Letter from Winlock to Robinson, 28 March 1923, op. cit.

15Ibid.

16Ibid.

17Hoving, p. 52.

18Breasted, p. 342.

19See Frayling, The Face of Tutankhamun, pp. 55—6.

20Carter, Lett's No. 46 Indian and Colonial Rough Diary 1922, entry for Friday, 24 November, the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.

21James, p. 305.

22Carter, Lett's No. 46 Indian and Colonial Rough Diary 1922, entry for Friday, 24 November, the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.

23See, for instance, Alan H Gardiner's account of events quoted in his daughter Margaret Gardiner's A Scatter of Memories, p. 98: «On November 23rd Carnarvon arrived at Luxor with his daughter Evelyn».

24Carter and Mace, I, p. 92.

25Ibid.

26Ibid, I, p. 93 n. 1.

27Ibid., I, p. 94.

28Ibid., I, p. 96.

29Ibid., I, p. 96.

30Carter, MSS. Notebook 1, the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.

31Ibid.

32Carter and Mace, I, p. 100.

33Ibid.

34Ibid., I, p. 101.

ГЛАВА ШЕСТАЯ. НЕОФИЦИАЛЬНОЕ ВСКРЫТИЕ

1Carter and Mace, The Tomb of Tut.ankh.Amen, I, p. 98.

2Carter, Lett's No. 46 Indian and Colonial Rough Diary

1922, entry for Sunday, 26 November, the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.

3Carnarvon, typewritten draft article dated 10 December

1922, quoted in Reeves and Taylor, Howard Carter before Tutankhamun, pp. 140—1.

4Carnarvon, «The Egyptian treasure: story of the discovery», The Times, 11 December 1922, pp. 13–14.

5Type written draft article written by Lord Carnarvon, 10 December 1922, quoted in Reeves, Howard Carter before Tutankhamun, pp. 140—1.

6Ibid.

7Ibid.

8Ibid.

9Carter, TutAnkhAmen: The Politics of Discovery, p. 4.

10Carter and Mace, I, p. 93.

11Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, pp. 84—5.

12Carter, p.4.

13Hoving, p. 85.

14Carter and Mace, I, p. 101.

15Hoving, pp. 90—103-

16Ibid., p. 91.

17Carter and Mace, I, p. 97.

18Carter and Mace, I, p. 104.

19 Ibid., I, p. 178.

20Wynne, Behind the Mask of Tutankhamen, pp. 114—16.

21Herbert, Mervyn, diary 1917—23 (an earlier diary covers the period 1912—17 but is not referenced in this work), Private Papers Collection, Middle East Centre, St Anthony's College, Oxford, GB165-0144. Permission to quote from the diary was kindly given by Janet Powell and Martin Argles.

22Ibid.

23Ibid.

24Ibid.

25Carter and Mace, I, 101—2.

26Lucas, «Notes on Some of the Objects from the Tomb of Tutankhamun», ASAE 41(1942), pp. 135—47.

27Ibid., p. 136.

28Ibid.

29Ibid.

30Lucas, «Notes on Some of the Objects from the Tomb of Tutankhamun», ASAE 45 (1947), pp. 133-4.

31Ibid.

32Herbert, George, account of discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb (copy), c. 1922—23, British Library Manuscript Collection, RP 17991.

33Ibid., pp. 5–6, 9.

34Letter from Lord Carnarvon to Alan H. Gardiner, 28 November 1922, quoted in Reeves and Taylor, Howard Carter Before Tutankhamun, pp. 141—2. This letter forms part of a collection of Gardiner papers archived at the Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.

ГЛАВА СЕДЬМАЯ. СОКРОВИЩА ТУТАНХАМОНА

1The Turin papyrus of Rameses IVs tomb, Museo Egizio, Turin. See Carter and Gardiner, «The tomb of Ramesses IV and the Turin plan of a royal tomb\JEA 4 (1917), pp. 130—58. See also Desroches-Noblecourt, Tutankhamen: life and Death of a Pharaoh, p. 259 and pi. 165.

2See Carter and Mace, The Tomb of TutankhAmen, I, p. 183.

3Ibid., I, p. 184.

4Ibid.

5Ibid., I» p. 185.

6Burton, Harry, Griffith Institute, Oxford, photograph GB7 282.

7Herbert, account of discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb (copy), c. 1922—23, British Library Manuscript Collection, RP 17991, pp. 1-Ю.

8Gardiner, My Working Years, pp. 37—8.

9Dawson to Robbins, Memorandum, «Informing him of Lord Carnarvon's offer of exclusive news on the opening of Tutankhamun's tomb», 14 November 1922, TNL Archive at the Archives and Records Office of the News International Group, GR/3/19/3.

ГЛАВА ВОСЬМАЯ. ШЕСТЬ НЕДЕЛЬ ЖИЗНИ

1Rapp, unpublished memoirs (GB165 — 0234), Private Papers Collection, Middle East Centre, Oxford.

2Letter from James Henry Breasted to his son Charles Breasted, dated 12 March 1923, quoted in Breasted, Pioneer to the Past, p. 347.

3Breasted, p. 347.

4James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 254.

5Letter from Lord Carnarvon to Howard Carter, 23 February 1923? in the Carter archives of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, and quoted in James, p. 254 and Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, pp. 222—3.

6Hoving, p. 222.

7For instance, see Reeves and Taylor, Howard Carter before Tutankhamun, pp. 156—7.

8Merton, «Ld. Carnarvon's Death. 16 Years» Work in Egypt», The Times, 6 April 1923, p. 11.

9Brackman, The Search for the Gold of Tutankhamen, p. 106.

10Merton, op cit.

11Breasted, p. 347.

12Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, p. 62.

13James, pp. 256—7.

14Ibid, p.257

15Gardiner, My Working Years, p.40.

16Merton.

17Letter from Lady Evelyn Herbert to Howard Carter, 18 March 1923, in the Carter archives of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and quoted in James, pp. 257—8.

18Letter from Albert Lythgoe to Howard Carter, 20 March 1923, held by the Egyptology Department of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and quoted in Hoving, pp. 223—4.

19Merton, op. cit.

20Letter from the Hon. Richard Bethell to Howard Carter, 26 March 1923, held by the Egyptology Department of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and quoted in Hoving, p. 224.

21Merton, op. cit.

22Ibid.

23Carnarvon, No Regrets: Memoirs oj the Earl of Carnarvon, pp. 120, 124.

24Letter from Alan Gardiner to his wife, dated 1 April

1923, quoted by Margaret Gardiner in A Scatter of Memoirs, pp. 107-8.

25Merton, op. cit.

26Ibid.

27Lord Carnarvon's last hours: sudden failure of hotel lights\ Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.

28Merton, op. cit. Merton incorrectly states that his death occurred at 2.30 a.m.

29Ibid.

30Ibid.

31Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.

32This appears to have been Algernon Maudslay (1873–1948), a public servant, although the authors have been unable to verify this fact.

33Gardiner, pp. 39–40.

34Reeves, p. 62.

35Hoving, p. 221.

36Letter from Lord Carnarvon to Howard Carter, December 1922 — January 1923, source unknown, quoted in Hoving, p. 153.

37Weigall, Tutankhamen And Other Essays, p. 96.

38Ibid., p. 89.

ЧАСТЬ ВТОРАЯ. ПРОКЛЯТИЕ

ГЛАВА ДЕВЯТАЯ. ПРОКЛЯТИЕ КАРНАРВОНА

1Brackman, The Search for the Gold of Tutankhamen, p. 114.

2From a conversation between Anthony Leadbetter, a surviving godson of Almina, Countess of Carnarvon, and the authors on 3 August 2001.

3Carnarvon, Ermin Tales: More Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, 1980, p. 16.

4Ibid.

5Ibid.

6Ibid.

7Ibid.

8Ibid.

9Ibid.

10From a conversation between Anthony Leadbetter and the authors on 3 August 2001.

11'Cheiro (Hamon), Confessions: memoirs of a modem seer, 1932, р. 38; «Cheiro» (Hamon), Real Life Stories: A Collection of Sensational Personal Experiences, 1934, p. 29.

12'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1932, Mark Twain, p. 168; Sarah Bernhardt, p. 147; Austin Chamberlain, pp. 123—4; Oscar Wilde, p. 152; Mata Hari, pp. 248-57.

13Ibid., p. 132.

14Ibid., pp. 97—100.

15Ibid., pp. 108—9.

16Ibid., p. 113–16.

17Ibid., p. 39–42.

18Ibid., p. 62.

19Ibid., p. 66.

20Ibid., p. 68.

21Wynne, Behind the Mask of Tutankhamen, p. 51.

22'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1932, pp. 135—44.

23Ibid., pp. 142, 144.

24'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1934, p. 45.

25Ibid., pp. 19–26, 35–47. See also Nelson, Out of the Silence, pp. 31—2.

26'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1934, p. 45.

27Ibid, p. 46.

28Ibid., p. 47.

29Ibid.

30Carnarvon, No Regrets: Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, 1976, p. 120.

31Lee…the grand piano came by camel: Arthur С Mace, the neglected Egyptologist, p. 111.

32Carter, The Tomb ofTut.ankh.Amen, II, p. xxv.

33Ibid.

34'Lord Carnarvon's last hours: sudden failure of hotel lights», Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.

35Rapp, unpublished memoirs (GB165 — 0234), Private Papers Collection, Middle East Centre, Oxford.

36Weigall, Tutankhamen And Other Essays, p. 137.

37Ibid, pp. 137-8.

38Wynne, p. 95.

39Ibid., pp. 95—6.

40Ibid., p. 96.

41Ibid., p. 96.

42Ibid.

43Ibid.

44Ibid., p. 103.

45Ibid.

46Ibid., p. 104.

47Ibid.

48Ibid.

49Carnarvon, 1976, pp. 120—2.

50See Coats and Bell, Marie Corelli: The Writer & the Woman.

51Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, p. 62 and Mahdy, Tutankhamun: The Life and Death of a Boy King, p. 129.

52Keys, «Curse (& Revenge) of the Mummy Invented by Victorian Writers», The Independent, 31 December 2000.

53Ibid.

54LMA (Louisa May Alcott), «Lost in a Pyramid» The New World, vol. 1, no. 1, 1869, p, 8. Periodicals collection, Library of Congress, Washington DC, Cat. No. AP2 N6273. See also Montserrat, «Louisa May Alcott and the Mummy's Curse», KMT 9:2 (Summer 1998), pp. 70—5.

55See Stoker, The Jewel of Seven Stars. By far the best film to be based on Stoker's book is The Awakening (1980), starring Charlton Heston.

56A letter from Herbert E Winlock, assistant curator of Egyptology at the Metropolitan Museum, New York, to its director Edward Robinson, 28 March 1923, quoted in Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 82. See also James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 218, who quotes the first paragraph.

57Vandenberg, The Forgotten Pharaoh: The discovery of Tutankhamun, p. 158.

58Ibid.

59Weigall, pp. 137-8.

60Wynne, p. 200.

ГЛАВА ДЕСЯТАЯ. СМЕРТНЫЙ ПРИГОВОР

1Carnarvon, No Regrets: Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, p. 124.

2Ibid.

3Ibid.

4'Lord Carnarvon's last hours: sudden failure of hotel lights», Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.

5Winstone, Howard Carter and the Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhamun, p. 189.